No abstract

In this work, Sn(II)-exchanged Keggin heteropoly acid salts were evaluated as solid catalysts in glycerol esterification reactions with acetic acid. All the Sn(II) heteropoly salts and their precursor Keggin acids were characterized by FT-IR/ATR, XRD, TG/DSC, BET, and EDS/SEM analyses. Among salts synthesized (i.e., Sn 3/2 PW 12 O 40 , Sn 2 SiW 12 O 40 , and Sn 3/2 PMo 12 O 40 ), Sn 3/2 PW 12 O 40 was the most active and selective catalyst toward glycerol esters. Effects of thermal treatment on the physical and chemical properties of Sn 3/2 PW 12 O 40 were investigated. The Sn 3/2 PW 12 O 40 -300 K catalyst was efficiently recovered and reused without a loss in activity. The influences of main reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, the stoichiometry of reactants, load, and thermal treatment temperature of the Sn 3/2 PW 12 O 40 catalyst were assessed. The simple workup of synthesis and the high activity and selectivity for glycerol esters in addition to the high efficiency during successive recycles are positive aspects of this catalyst.

No abstract

No abstract

In this work, we report a selective and straightforward process to synthesize glycerol carbonate from urea and glycerol using a simple but commercially unavailable catalyst (Sn(OH)2).