Refuse derived fuel (RDF) was subject to torrefaction in order to produce a char with higher homogeneity and lower moisture content than the RDF raw materials. The resulting product, RDF char, showed increased fixed carbon and ash contents, decreased moisture and volatile matter contents, and a very significant increase in density. The torrefaction of RDF may therefore contribute to reduce the landfill volume needed to accommodate these materials to one third of the presently used. This new char material was also tested for its adsorption capacities and the results show that it could be used for the removal of chromium and aluminum from aqueous solutions.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a composição e a qualidade dos resíduos do processamento de café e suas misturas com finos do carvão vegetal para fins energéticos. A biomassa do café, os finos de carvão vegetal e as misturas (10, 20 e 30% de finos de carvão vegetal) foram caracterizados quanto à umidade, composição química imediata e elementar, poder calorífico superior e líquido, e densidade a granel e energética. A inclusão de finos de carvão vegetal promoveu a redução significativa da umidade da biomassa lignocelulósica de café, assim como, o aumento das propriedades energéticas. O tratamento com 30% de finos de carvão vegetal apresentou a melhor qualidade, atingindo um poder calorífico superior de 19,44 MJ.Kg-1 e poder calorífico líquido de 16,75 MJ.Kg-1, ou seja, um aumento energético de 6 e 10 %, respectivamente, em relação ao tratamento com 100% de biomassa residual de café. As características físico-químicas tanto dos resíduos gerados durante o processamento do café quanto dos finos de carvão apresentam boas propriedades energéticas, que as transformam em um excelente material para utilização no desenvolvimento de biocombustíveis. Portanto, recomenda-se a mistura de pelo menos 20% de finos de carvão vegetal para potencializar o desempenho energético de resíduos oriundos da produção de café.
Sugarcane bagasse (SB) is a by-product of ethanol production obtained in large quantities worldwide, including Brazil. Lignin is one of SB components, and its extraction is of great interest due to its vast potential for use. In this study, sugarcane bagasse was subjected to two methods of lignin extraction to obtain: Klason lignin (LKL) and milled wood lignin (MWL). The syringil/guaiacyl ratio of the lignin obtained from sugarcane bagasse was 1.67. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that LKL is more resistant to thermal degradation than MWL. According to the FTIR spectra, LKL yields a more oxidized lignin, presenting greater changes in its structure than MWL. Thus, this study provides information on the changes caused by different extractions and strengthens future studies on the transformation of lignin into products of high added value.
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