Natural products serve as the mainstay of human life, and today, almost half of the drugs in clinical practice are the natural origin. Keeping in view the importance of medicinal plants and natural products, Sedum adenotrichum also known as Rosularia adenotrichum was selected for the present study. The crude extract of S. adenotrichum whole plant was obtained through a rotary evaporator. The extract was analyzed for a polyphenolic profile using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector. The extract was subjected to detail in vivo antidiabetic study. In this study, body weight, blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, liver function tests, and renal function tests were performed in animal models. The extract was tested for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Results of high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector chromatogram revealed a total of 22 polyphenolic compounds. No major change in body weight was noted in experimental animals. Alloxan induction led to a significant elevation in plasma glucose level. A significant decline was noted in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentration in rats treated with the extract as well as with glibenclamide. Renal/liver function tests, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase, and serum cholesterol were normalized by the extract-treated rats. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity at 62.5 and 1,000 μg/ml was noted to be 63.97 and 80.80, respectively, both approaching to standard. The results reveal that the extract was rich in important phenolic compounds. In the antidiabetic potentials of the crude extract, there might be involved several pancreatic and extra-pancreatic mechanisms acting synergistically to induce the potent antidiabetic effect.

Lectins are unique glycoproteins that react with specific sugar residues on cell surfaces resulting in agglutination. They offer enormous applications in therapeutics, diagnostics, medicine, and agriculture. Rice lectins are naturally expressed during biotic and abiotic stresses suggesting their importance in stress resistance physiology. The objective of this study was to determine the presence and relative concentration of lectins in different accessions of rice obtained from IABGR/NARC Islamabad mainly originated from Pakistan. About 210 rice accessions including 02 local varieties and 05 transgenic seeds were screened for seed lectins using a hemagglutination (HA) assay with 5% Californian bred rabbits’ erythrocytes. A protein concentration of 3–8 mg/100 mg of seed flour was measured for all the rice accessions; the highest was 8.03mg for accession 7600, while the lowest noted was 3.05 mg for accession 7753.Out of 210 accessions, 106 showed the highest HA activity. These 106 genotypes were further screened for titer analysis and specific activity. The highest titer and specific activity were observed for accession 7271 as 1024 and 236 hemagglutination unit (HAU), respectively. The selected accessions’ relative affinity and HA capability were evaluated using blood from four different sources: human, broiler chicken, local rabbit, and Californian-breed rabbit. The highest HA activity was observed with Californian-breed rabbit RBCs. The lectin assay was stable for about 1–2 h. After the required investigations, the accessions with higher lectin concentration and HA capability could be used as a readily available source of lectins for further characterization and utilization in crop improvement programs.

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