Introduction: Health literacy is defined as the capacity to reach, acquire, understand and interpret health information that protects, enhances, and rehabilitates the health of individuals. It is known that there is a significant relationship between health outcomes and health literacy level. Traditional health practices are the practices of the society applied with beliefs, traditions, values, and cultures. Some of these practices related to behaviors and beliefs in pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period are beneficial for health, some are harmful, and some do not affect. The aim of this study was to investigate health literacy and the applications of traditional practices of women in the postpartum period. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in an obstetrics and gynecology department of a women's and children's health hospital with the 303 women who were delivered. Research data were collected with "Descriptive Prosperities Form", "Traditional Applications Evaluation Form" and "Health Literacy Scale". Results: The mean age of women was 29.19±6.94, and the mean number of childbirth was 3.48±2.14. As traditional practices, the most common practice of women for babies was to cover yellow writing and dress yellow to cure jaundice (72.8%), and the most common practice for the mother in the postpartum period was not to see anyone / not leave the room (63.5%) until postpartum forty days. Women's health literacy scale total mean score was 106.77 ± 16.52. A statistically significant relationship was found between the age groups, educational status employment status, and number of birth of women, and health literacy scale total scores (p<0.05). A statistically significant correlation was found between women's health literacy scale total scores and their frequency of using traditional practices (p <0.001). Conclusions: It was found that women who applied to traditional practices in the postpartum applied negative practices. It is thought that increasing the level of health literacy of pregnant women may decrease negative traditional applications in the postpartum period.