Background: Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) is a preparation of plant extracts originally used as a hemostatic agent. It has pleiotropic effects in many cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, signal transduction, inflammation, immunologic processes and metabolic pathways as well as hemostatic activity. This unique preparation has been widely investigated for its properties. However there are no studies investigating its action on leukemic cells.Aim: Aim of the study was to examine the ABS action on PAR1 and EPCR in leukemia cells. However, during the experiments, we observed the apoptotic effect of ABS on leukemic cells, particularly Jurkat cells. As a result the mechanism of apoptosis induced by ABS treatment was also explored in the study.Material and method: Two leukemia cell lines, K-562 and Jurkat, were utilized for the study. Expression analyses of PAR1, EPCR and p21 upon ABS treatment were performed by quantitative real time PCR. Annexin V method was used for apoptosis detection.Results: Our results demonstrated that ABS alters PAR1 and EPCR expression in K-562 and Jurkat cells in a time and dose dependent manner. Additionally it was found that ABS treatment induces apoptosis in leukemia cells. Possible involvement of PAR1 and p21 in this apoptotic process was observed in Jurkat cells.Conclusion: This study concludes that depending on the concentration and duration of the application, ABS causes apoptosis by regulating PAR1 and p53-independent p21 involvement in Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Ain Shams University. apoptosis stimulation in leukemia cells. The composition of ABS plant extracts might be responsible from the apoptotic effect that was observed. We think that our results could contribute to the development of new treatment for leukemia therapy.Ó 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Ain Shams University.

Recent days have seen growing evidence of cancer's susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and of the effect of genomic differences on the virus' entrance genes in lung cancer. Genetic confirmation of the hypotheses regarding gene expression and mutation pattern of target genes, including angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), basigin (CD147/BSG) and paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme (FURIN/PCSK3), as well as correlation analysis, was done in relation to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) using in silico analysis. Not only were gene expression and mutation patterns detected, but also there were correlation and survival analysis between ACE2 and other target genes expression levels. The total genetic anomaly carrying rate of target genes, including ACE2, TMPRSS2, CD147/BSG, and FURIN/PCSK3, was determined as 8.1% and 21 mutations were detected, with 7 of these mutations having pathogenic features. p.H34N on the RBD binding residues for SARS-CoV-2 was determined in our LUAD patient group. According to gene expression analysis results, though the TMPRSS2 level was statistically significantly decreased in the LUSC patient group compared to healthy control, the ACE2 level was determined to be high in LUAD and LUSC groups. There were no meaningful differences in the expression of CD147 and FURIN genes. The challenge for today is building the assessment of genomic susceptibility to COVID-19 in lung cancer, requiring detailed experimental laboratory studies, in addition to in silico analyses, as a way of assessing the mechanism of novel virus invasion that can be used in the development of effective SARS-CoV-2 therapy.

AIM: STATs and HIFs in human solid tumors play an important role in mechanisms of tumor growth. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic role of STATs and HIFs in breast cancers. METHODS: Twenty-four breast carcinoma cases who underwent mastectomy and axillary dissection were included into the study. The presence of STATs and HIFs in 24 breast cancer cases was evaluated immunohistochemically. We evaluated the differences in tumor grade, diameter, limits, intratumor desmoplasia, infl ammatory infi ltration, necrosis, axillary lymph node involvement, estrogen, progesterone and CerbB2 staining. RESULTS: In this study, the presence of STATs and HIFs expressions in breast tumors is shown. In our study, no statistically signifi cant correlation was found between tumor grade, diameter, limits, intratumor desmoplasia, infl ammatory infi ltration, necrosis, axillary lymph node involvement, CerbB2 staining status and STATs and HIFs expressions. However, STAT5a and estrogen staining and HIF2α and progesterone staining were found statistically signifi cant. In addition, STAT3 expression was found to have signifi cantly higher correlation with luminal breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The fi ndings suggest that STATs and HIFs may play a role in the development of invasive ductal carcinomas; concerning their future use as treatment options due to their association with hormone receptors, new studies are required (Tab. 6, Fig. 7, Ref. 65). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of the Factor V 1691 G-A and PT 20210 G-A mutations in Turkish children with leukemia. We genotyped 135 pediatric leukemia patients with for these mutations. Eleven (8%) of the 135 patients were heterozygous for the FV 1691 G-A mutation. Seven (5,1%) of the patients carried the PT 20210 G-A heterozygous mutation. Of the 135 patients, only three had thrombotic event, none of which had these two mutations, which is common in Turkish population. Our findings revealed a controversial compared to the previous reports, which needs further investigation.