Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), has similar clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics to sarcoidosis (SA). Accurately distinguishing SA from TB remains a clinical challenge. Methods: A total of 44 TB patients and 47 SA patients who were clinically diagnosed using chest radiography, pathological examination, routine smear microscopy, and microbial culture were enrolled in this study. The MTB genome was captured and sequenced directly from tissue specimens obtained upon operation or biopsy, and the feasibility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the MTB genome in the differential diagnosis of TB from SA was evaluated. Results: Using a depth >10Â and coverage >15% of the sequencing data, TB patients were identified via the NGS approach directly using operation or biopsy specimens without clinical pretreatment. The sensitivity, specificity, and concordance of the NGS method were 81.8% (36/44), 95.7% (45/47), and 89.0% (81/91), respectively (kappa = 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.65-0.91; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study established an improved NGS strategy for rapidly distinguishing patients with TB from those with SA and has potential clinical benefits.

GLP-1 is an incretin hormone with broad pharmacological potential. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are successfully in clinical use for T2D and obesity. Several GLP-1-based therapies are in clinical evaluation for treating metabolic diseases. Supaglutide (supa), a novel GLP-1RA, is in late-stage clinical investigation for T2D. The efficacy and safety are being investigated in 340 patients with T2D inadequately controlled on metformin in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04998032). Supa 3 mg QW treatment resulted in a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c of -1.81% from baseline at week 24 (p&lt;0.001). Body weight was decreased by 3.80% from baseline in supa 3 mg group, with a significant difference versus placebo group (p&lt;0.001). Supa also significantly improved glucose excursion, and increased meal-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion as determined by MMTT, suggesting improved glucose tolerance and enhanced β-cell function. Overall TEAEs occurred in 66.7% and 73.4% with placebo and supa 3 mg, respectively. The most common TEAEs with supa were GI symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and decreased appetite mostly in mild or moderate severity. Supa 3 mg improved glycemic and metabolic control and was well tolerated in T2D inadequately controlled on metformin, suggesting supa as a novel alternative therapy for T2D and metabolic disorders. Disclosure D.Anwar: None. X.Su: None. L.Li: None. H.Wang: None. Y.Wang: None. S.Li: None. Q.Li: None. X.Li: None. M.Liu: None. J.Sun: None. N.Zhao: None. Y.Bao: None. Y.Yang: None. J.Ma: None. Y.Li: None. Q.Wang: None. W.Jia: None. Y.Zhou: None. S.Chen: None. J.Zhou: None. L.Li: None. Z.Cheng: None. X.Dong: None. X.Shi: None.

No abstract