In Brazil, epidemiological data on autoimmune diseases are scarce due to the lack of a specific policy of attention to this group of diseases. This study aimed to estimate the general and relative prevalence of the diseases presented, as well as to know the sociodemographic profile of the identified cases. This cross-sectional study was conducted with an epidemiological survey of patients with confirmed diagnosis of autoimmune diseases from primary health care in the Aguas Formosas microregion, Minas Gerais, Brazil. We have included all new and old cases found of individuals of both sexes and all ages, including those who died and emigrated during this period. A total of 407 carriers and 24 different autoimmune diseases were identified. The prevalence of autoimmune diseases in this region was 673.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants [95% confidence interval (CI): 609.8–742.4]. Highest prevalence was identified for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 140.6 cases per 100,000 (95% CI: 112.4–173.9), followed by vitiligo 132.4 cases per 100,000 (95% CI: 105.0–164.8), and rheumatoid arthritis 105.9 cases per 100,000 (95% CI: 81.6–135.3). The sex ratio was higher in females (69%), the most affected age group was over 60 years (30.5%), with greater predominance in the urban area (81.3%). Our data showed the general and relative prevalence of the identified diseases, allowing to know the sociodemographic profile of the identified cases and the epidemiological trend of these morbidities in a low-income Brazilian region.

In search of the reuse of waste from civil construction, studies are presented as an alternative on the insertion of this waste into materials so that they become ecologically viable and at a lower cost. In this scope, there is the red ceramic waste (RCW), which is largely produced both in renovation works and in the stage of transporting construction components such as bricks, slabs, and floors. On the other hand, the use of cement is of great proportions, which raises concerns about the excessive consumption of non-renewable natural resources, especially in large-scale projects. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of compressive strength of concrete with partial replacement of cement by RCW and to verify the influence at different breakage ages (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Five mixes were used, the first with 100% cement, and the others with crushed RCW to replace 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of the cement, and the resistance obtained according to percentages and ages was also verified of RCW through the uniaxial compression test. Thus, it was observed that for replacements of up to 15%, the strength losses were not significant, suggesting the feasibility of its use in works with high concrete demands, such as in dams.

Objetivou-se analisar a associação das morbidades maternas nos períodos da gravidez, parto e puerpério entre mulheres Maxakali, nos municípios de Bertópolis e Santa Helena de Minas, considerando o local do parto (domiciliar x hospitalar) no período de 2004 a 2013. Estudo transversal, retrospectivo e quantitativo com dados não-nominais, provenientes do Sistema de Informação da Atenção à Saúde Indígena). As taxas de partos domiciliares e hospitalares de 224 gestantes, que cursaram 719 gravidezes foram de 63% e 24,3%, respectivamente. Das 284 morbidades identificadas, 68% ocorreram no período da gravidez, 12,7% no parto e 19,4% no puerpério. Na gravidez, foi observada uma ocorrência de morbidade materna 2,5 vezes maior para os partos que ocorreram na aldeia, quando comparado com os partos que ocorreram no hospital (OR: 2,54 - IC: 1,52 - 2,66). Para o parto, a ocorrência de morbidades maternas foi observada com menor frequência nos partos domiciliares (OR: 0,19 – IC: 0,1 - 0,47), tendo ocorrido 81% menos complicações de morbidades para este grupo. Esse fato se deve não apenas ao local do parto, mas uma somatória de fatores como pré-natal; articulação entre os dois sistemas; realização de exames durante a gravidez dentre outros. A chance de desenvolver uma morbidade puerperal foi 2,1 vezes maior no grupo de gestantes cujo parto tenha sido em ambiente domiciliar quando comparado ao parto hospitalar (OR: 2,1 - IC: 1,14 - 3,58). O parto hospitalar mostrou-se fator protetor para complicações maternas no puerpério. Espera-se que este trabalho subsidie novos estudos epidemiológicos sobre morbimortalidade materna indígena.

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from acute obstruction of a coronary artery which is responsible for a high mortality rate worldwide. The consequences depend on the degree and location of the obstruction and vary from unstable angina to non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. The symptoms are similar in each of these syndromes (except for sudden death), involving chest discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. The diagnosis is possible; thanks to the electrocardiogram that is essential and the existence or absence of serological markers. In addition to these initial resources, other diagnostic methods are noteworthy, such as stress electrocardiogram, echocardiography, nuclear cardiology, computed tomography angiography, and exercise test. Other necessary measures are the stratification of the identified cases according to the degree of risk, availability of a coronary intensive care unit, and the establishment of the opportune treatment that consists of oxygen therapy, analgesia, sedation, antiplatelet, anticoagulants, nitrates, beta-blockers drugs, reperfusion of emergency with fibrinolytic drugs, percutaneous intervention or, occasionally, myocardial revascularization surgery to provide the recovery and consequently a better quality of life for the patient. This brief review aims to discuss the available diagnostic and therapeutic resources and the appropriate risk stratification for adequate care for the victims of acute coronary heart disease promptly in a hospital setting.

Responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, amputation has constituted a great public health problem, which burdens the social security costs and the health system. We aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of people who suffered amputation in a public hospital in the interior of Brazil, which is a reference for a macroregion.This was a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study, carried out by analyzing the medical records of 214 patients who underwent amputations of various causes, between the years 2012 and 2019 at the Municipal Hospital Dr. Raimundo Gobira, located in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Statistical analysis of Pearson's correlation, mean and standard deviation was performed. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Of the 214 cases of amputations, the majority were men (91.12%), aged 19-30 years (21.96%), from the urban area (63.45%). Of these, 46.26% were associated with work. The maquita was the tool responsible for most injuries (17.35%). The fingers of the left hand were the main body segments affected (23.60%). Most of the subjects were residents of Teófilo Otoni (34.57%). Approximately 20.10% of amputations occurred in the year 2018. Statistical significance was not demonstrated when age and length of hospital stay were correlated, although the results point to a longer length of stay as age increases. The results made it possible to understand the epidemiological reality of the causes of amputations performed in the region and provide public managers with the opportunity to make decisions based on prevention.