These results elucidate the need for better information about psychotherapy and the development of intercultural consulting services for migrants in Germany.

Covid-19 hastalığının anlaşılıp açıklanmasında yazılı basının önemli bir temsil alanı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Covid-19'un ciddi bir sağlık sorunu olarak tanımlanması ve tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alması nedeniyle yazılı basın açısından da önemli bir haber nesnesi haline dönüşmüştür. Bu nedenle araştırma, Covid-19 salgını ile ilgili yayınlanan gazete haber metinlerinin içeriklerinin sistematik olarak incelenmesi amacıyla oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada, Covid-19'a yönelik haberleri tespit etmek için yüksek tirajlı bir gazete incelenmiştir. Verileri analiz etmek için gazetenin resmi internet sayfalarında yer alan mevcut arşivlerine yeniden eskiye sıralanarak ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada gazetenin 1 Eylül-30 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında günlük yayım yapan Covid-19 konulu 552 gazete haberine erişilmiştir. Gazete haberlerinden 462 tanesi ''Covid-19'a yönelik açıklama yapan'' haberleri kapsarken, 90 tanesi ''Covid-19'a yakalanan pozitif vakaları'' kapsamaktadır. Toplanan verileri ise analiz edebilmek için MAXQDA 2020 nitel veri analiz programına yüklenilmiş ve betimsel istatistiki yöntemler sayesinde analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. MAXQDA 2020 nitel veri analiz programında tematik kodlama yapılarak içerik analizi değerlendirilmiş ve bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular Covid-19'la ilgili Türkiye'nin genelini yansıtabilecek çalışmalarda saptanan sonuçlarla benzerlik göstermektedir. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre ise; gazete haberlerinin içeriklerinin tespit edilmesi ve olayların toplumsal etkilerinin anlaşılması açısından önem arz etmektedir.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of chronic diseases and socio-economic factors on payment difficulty in medical care. Methods: The variables used in the analysis were obtained from the “2016 TURKSTAT Health Survey” micro data set. Three models were established to determine the degree of chronic disease data and socio-economic variables affecting the payment difficulty in medical care. Binary Logit Regression analysis was used to analyze the models. Findings: In terms of payment difficulty in medical care; age, education, household income, social security institution (SGK) treatment cost, general health insurance (GSS) treatment cost, other treatment cost, reason for not working, work continuity, working method, overall health status, being sick longer than 6 months, vital activity restriction, asthma, bronchitis, coronary heart failure, arthrosis, waist and neck disorders, allergy, liver failure, kidney disease, depression, other chronic diseases, wearing glasses, physical pain state, pain preventing life, feeling worthless, receiving bed service for the last 12 months, receiving daily service for the last 12 months, drug use by his own decision, cholesterol measurement status, blood glucose measurement status, stool occult blood test measurement status, being late for appointment, payment difficulty in dental care, in drug and in spiritual treatment, tobacco use status and exposure to tobacco smoke were effective (p 0,8). Conclusions: According to the results of the research, it was determined that chronic diseases and socio-economic variables are effective in the payment difficulty of medical care. Policymakers can benefit from evidence-based on econometric models of the comparative burden of different chronic conditions, demographic and economic structure.

Objective: Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the most common malignancy of the hepatobiliary system. There are significant differences in the global spread of HCC. It is the major cause of death in patients with cirrhosis. Its molecular pathogenesis is highly complex and heterogeneous. Major risk factors for the development of HCC are chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol-related liver cirrhosis. Hepatocellular cancer is rarely seen in the first 4 decades of life, except in communities where HBV infection is hyperendemic. Method: The study was conducted by retrospectively scanning the files of 204 patients diagnosed with HCC who applied to Organ Transplantation Center between 21.09.2014 and 13.04.2019. Patients were transplanted liver by being classified according to Milan criteria, San Francisco [University of California San Francisco (UCSF)] criteria, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) criteria. Result: The median age of the patients was 58.03 (range 31 to 72). 170 of the patients were men and 34 of them were female. Liver transplantation was performed from cadaveric donors to 31 patients and from living donors to 173 patients. There is a significant relationship between the life span of the patients and their gender. Female patients have a longer life expectancy [t (202) = 2,963, p =, 003]. A significant relationship was found between life expectancy and surgical classification [F (3) = 3,008, (p =, 031)]. Conclusion: In patients diagnosed with HCC and undergoing liver transplantation; the gender being female and the classification method before transplantation affect life expectancy.

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