Caudal epidural analgesia with bupivacaine is common in paediatric anaesthesia for providing intra and postoperative analgesia. But duration of analgesia even with bupivacaine; long acting anaesthetic is short only 4-6hrs. Hence, several adjuvants have been tried to prolong the duration of action of bupivacaine. We evaluated the efficacy of clonidine added to bupivacaine in prolonging the analgesic effect provided by caudal bupivacaine in children undergoing infraumbilical surgery. Forty children, aged one to seven years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I/II, undergoing infra-umbilical surgery, were included in prospective randomized double blind study to one of two groups: caudal analgesia with 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine in normal saline (Group A) or caudal analgesia with 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 µg/kg of clonidine in normal saline (Group B). Post-operative pain was assessed for 24 hours using the Objective Pain Scale (OPS). The mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in Group B (10.2 Hrs.) than in Group A (4.2 1Hrs); P<0.05, which was statistically significant. In both the groups, there were no significant changes in the heart rate and mean arterial pressure from the baseline value, in the intraoperative as well as postoperative period (p>0.05). The requirement of rescue medicine was lesser in Group B. Clonidine as an adjunct to bupivacaine prolongs the post-operative pain relief in children and is safe compared to bupivacaine alone in paediatric infra umbilical surgeries.

Sleep is one of the important components of Tripod of life (three pillars that hold the health, life and longevity). They person, in general situation sleeps during night hours. Under certain circumstances there may be need of day sleep also. Violation of the rules of sleep may lead to some untoward effects. Therefore every individual should learn and follow the rules of sleep. The Ayurvedic scholars, in there valuable classics write elaborately about sleep with special reference to pathophysiology, types, rules to be followed to gain benefit of sleep etc. which can be considered as valuable source of knowledge with scope of extensive research.

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Children are the future of a society. A healthy child can only make a society strong and healthy. Any child having any deficit or disability either in body or mind is only a burden of the nation. Realizing the fact the world is now paying utmost attention on the care of the mothers who are the main sources of giving birth to the child. An unhealthy mother can never give birth to a healthy child and a child not having good health at birth can never become a healthy adult. The International agencies are funding huge amount of fund for systematic care of the expecting mothers and children. 2. "Maternal health is always an important determinant of the health of the child" considering the fact an attractive recommendation is given regarding the diet and regimen of the pregnant lady.