INTRODUCCIÓN: La metahemoglobinemia (MetaHb) es una condición donde el eritrocito es incapaz de liberar oxígeno hacia los tejidos, causando de manera secundaria hipoxia tisular y acidosis metabólica con lactato elevado. En pacientes adultos con infección por SARS-CoV2 se han reportado algunos casos de coexistencia de MetaHb e hipoxemia refractaria; aunque no hay reportes de esta asociación en la etapa neonatal. CASOS CLÍNICOS: Presentamos dos casos en recién nacidos prematuros con infección por SARS-CoV-2, que presentaron deterioro multisistémico y MetaHb en la segunda a tercera semana de vida, sin aislamiento microbiológico, ni relación temporal condesencadenantes conocidos de MetaHb, niveles normales de G6PD y con respuesta parcial a la exanguinotransfusión o infusión de azul de metileno. CONCLUSIONES: La relación de MetaHb e infección por SARS-CoV-2 es aún desconocida, pero se ha documentado recientemente su actividad proinflamatoria, que puede incrementar la tormenta de citocinas y empeorar la evolución y el pronóstico del paciente con infección moderada a severa. Por lo anterior, son necesarios más estudios de dichas asociaciones para poder realizar intervenciones oportunas. PALABRAS CLAVE: SARS-Cov2, COVID-19 neonatal, Recién nacido, metahemoglobinemia neonata

Frecuencia de factores perinatales asociados a asma en niños que acuden a la consulta de alergia del INP Frequency of perinatal factors associated with asthma in children attending the National Pediatry Institute allergy consultation from 2012 to 2014

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are fed by orogastric / nasogastric tube until they reach maturation and coordination of sucking, swallowing and respiration at approximately 32–34 weeks of corrected age. While being on non-invasive ventilation (NIV), they frequently present abdominal distension. Currently at our institution two techniques are used for the management of abdominal distension in preterm infants fed by bolus via orogastric tube: cenit and 2 x 1.The aim of this study was to compare the proportion of preterm infants presenting NIV-associated abdominal distension with each of these techniques. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a randomized clinical trial including infants of <  36.6 weeks of gestation and <  1500 g of birth weight who were admitted to our NICU during the period of April 1, 2016 to April 1, 2018 and received NIV. The presence of abdominal distension >  2 cm was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were presence of reflux, regurgitation, oxygen saturation during feeding and days to reach full feedings. Feeding tube drainage, stool characteristics and the use of prokinetics were confounding variables. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients were included. Forty-six in the cenit group and 51 in the 2 x 1 group. There was no difference in the proportion of infants with abdominal distension >  2 cm between groups. Oxygen saturation during feeding at volume of 150 ml/kg/day was higher in the cenit group with statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The use of cenit or 2 x 1 technique in preterm infants with NIV did not improve abdominal distension or other indicators of feeding tolerance.