A review and cladistic analysis of the genus Ptychoderes Schoenherr, 1823 is presented. The genus and the following seventeen known species are redescribed: P. nebulosus (Olivier, 1795) (type species), P. elongatus (Germar, 1824), P. viridanus Boheman, 1833, P. virgatus Fåhraeus, 1839, P. obsoletus Jekel, 1855, P. depressus Jekel, 1855, P. mixtus Jekel, 1855, P. callosus Jekel, 1855, P. antiquus Jekel, 1855, P. brevis Jordan, 1894, P. longicollis Jordan, 1894, P. bivittatus Jordan, 1894, P. rugicollis Jordan, 1895, P. jordani Frieser, 1959, P. crustatus Frieser, 1988, P. magnus Mermudes & Napp, 2004 and P. jekeli Mermudes & Napp, 2004. New synonyms are proposed: Ptychoderes nebulosus (Olivier, 1795) = Ptychoderes tricostifrons Fåhraeus, 1839 syn. nov. = Ptychoderes columbianus Jekel, 1855 syn. nov.; and Ptychoderes antiquus Jekel, 1855 = Ptychoderes affinis Jordan, 1894 syn. nov. A key to species and maps of their geographical distribution are provided. The cladistic analysis with 24 taxa and 50 characters from body vestiture, external morphology, wing venation, male and female terminalia and rectal loop, resulted in a single cladogram showing, for the first time, a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationship  among genera of Anthribinae. The analysis included the seventeen species of Ptychoderes, as defined in the taxonomic review, along with the type species of the genera presently considered as belonging to Ptychoderini Jekel, 1855: Cerambyrhynchus schoenherri Montrouzier, 1855, Phloepemon acuticornis (Fabricius), Phloeotragus heros (Fabricius), Tribotropis prasinata (Fåhraeus, 1839), Hypselotropis annulicornis (Fåhraeus, 1839) and Unanthribus maximus Mermudes, 2003. A hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships among the Neotropical genera of Ptychoderini is presented in parenthetical notation: ((Tribotropis + Hypselotropis) (Unanthribus + Ptychoderes)). The monophyly of Ptychoderes is supported by 14 synapomorphies and its interrelationships are as follows: ((P. crustatus (P. brevis + P. jekeli)) ((P. longicollis (P. jordani (P. obsoletus+P. magnus) (P. depressus+P. virgatus))) (P. mixtus (P. bivittatus ((P. callosus+P. rugicollis) (P. viridanus (P. antiquus (P. elongatus+P. nebulosus)))))))).

ABSTRACT. Cladistic analysis of the tribe Rhopalophorini Blanchard, 1845 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Rhopalophorini is primarily a New World group. Of the 23 known genera, 19 were described from the Neotropical region. A cladistic analysis of the American genera was carried out with 91 morphological characters. The genera Ozodes Audinet-Serville and Lissozodes Bates, recently transferred to Necydalopsini, were included in the analysis in order to investigate their relationships with the Rhopalophorini. The results suggested that their shared similarities with the Rhopalophorini are symplesiomorphies at the level considered in the analysis, so they are maintained in Necydalopsini, and Neozodes Zajciw, indicated as the sister group of Ozodes, is herein transferred to this tribe. In the same way, Elaphopsis Audinet-Serville is transferred to Ibidionini. Rhopalophorini, as defined in the present work, is a monophyletic group and includes 17 American genera. Within Rhopalophorini, Argyrodines + Parozodes constitute the basalmost group, and Cycnoderus is the sister group of the two major clades formed, one by Ischionodonta, Disaulax, Cosmisoma, Closteropus and Gurubira, and the other, by Rhopalophora, Coremia, Merocoremia, Dirocoremia, Thalusia and Lathusia; the relationships of Rhopalophorella, Rhopalina and Muxbalia remain inconclusive. A phylogenetic classification of Rhopalophorini at the genus level is proposed.

A generic-level phylogenetic analysis of the tribe Torneutini Thomson, 1860 is presented based on 72 morphological characters for 39 terminal taxa of which, 31 are representatives of the Torneutini genera. The outgroup includes eight representatives from other tribes. A hypothesis of monophyly for supertribe Trachyderoinia Dupont, 1836 (sensu Fragoso, Monné and Seabra 1987) is presented for the first time. Torneutini, as currently recognized, was shown to be paraphyletic. In order to eliminate this condition, Bothriospilina Lane, 1950 is raised herein to tribe level. Torneutini, as herein defined, comprises the following genera in parenthetic notation: (Macellidiopygus (Psygmatocerus (Gigantotrichoderes (Spathopygus + Coccoderus) (Gnathopraxithea + Praxithea) (Torneutopsis (Torneucerus + Diploschema) (Torneutes (Dragomiris + Dragoneutes) (Thaumasus + Xenambyx)))))). The maintenance of Macellidiopygus in Torneutini needs further investigating. Bothriospilini Lane, 1950, new status, includes in parenthetic notation: ((Ranqueles + Scapanopygus) (Taygayba (Delemodacrys (Bothriospila + Timbaraba))) (Gnaphalodes (Knulliana + Chlorida)))). The position of Chrotoma is still no certain, and it is tentatively included in Bothriospilini. The results indicate that Bothriospilini is closely related to Trachyderini, Pyrestini and Basipterini. A phylogenetic classification of Trachyderoinia at tribe level, and of Torneutini and Bothriospilini at genus level, is proposed.

ABSTRACT. Revision of the genus Eriphosoma (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Eriphosoma Melzer, 1922 is redefined including five species: E. bipartitum (Buquet, 1844) (type species), E. barbiellinii Melzer, 1922, E. jacobi Fuchs, 1961, and two new species described from Brazil: E. marcela sp. nov., from Espírito Santo, and E. mermudes sp. nov., from Bahia and Minas Gerais. New combination proposed: Erythrochiton sellatum (Buquet, 1844). A key to the species of Eriphosoma is provided. Cabeça opaca, fina-e densamente reticulada, pilosidade inconspícua. Fronte declive, curta, transversa e aplanada. Sutura fronto-clipeal indistinta. Tubérculos anteníferos arredondados e não-projetados. Genas com cerca de um terço da largura do lobo ocular inferior. Olhos finamente facetados, pouco chanfrados; lobos inferiores bem desenvolvidos, proeminentes, ocupam toda a região lateral da cabeça e avançam um pouco sobre a face ventral; faixa de ligação entre os lobos mais larga que um lobo superior; lobos superiores curtos, quase tão distantes entre si quanto o comprimento do escapo. Mandíbulas delgadas, arredondadas na face externa, aguçadas no ápice, grosseiramente pontuado-rugosas, brilhantes. Artículos apicais dos palpos maxilares e labiais fortemente expandidos para o ápice, pouco mais longos que a soma dos dois precedentes, que são curtos e subiguais. Submento pontuado-rugoso, com pilosidade esparsa. KEYWORDS.Antenas filiformes, com 11 artículos, ultrapassam o ápice elitral em dois a três artículos nos machos; nas fêmeas, pouco mais curtas que o corpo ou ultrapassam o ápice elitral em um artículo. Antenômeros I-V(VI) com cerdas moderadamente longas na face inferior, mais adensadas nos III-IV. Escapo cilíndrico; antenômero III o mais longo, cerca de duas vezes o comprimento do escapo e um terço mais longo que o V; XI mais curto que o III, não-apendiculado; VI a X um pouco expandidos no ápice externo.Protórax tão a pouco mais largo que longo, regularmente arredondado nos lados, a maior largura no meio. Pronoto um pouco convexo, sem gibosidades. Pronoto e lados do protórax opacos, fina-e densamente reticulados, pilosidade pouco aparente. Processo prosternal muito estreito entre as procoxas, discretamente expandido no ápice. Cavidades coxais anteriores fechadas nos lados e abertas atrás. Processo mesosternal aplanado, tão largo quanto uma mesocoxa, com lados paralelos e margem apical com entalhe mediano para encaixe da projeção anterior do metasterno. Cavidades coxais médias fechadas. Pro-e mesocoxas arredondadas,

ABSTRACT. Revision of the genera (Ktug, 1825) and Allopeba signatieornis (Lucas, 1857), including the mouth pieces, endostemites, wing venation and mate and femate terminalia, is presented. Key for the genera and species is added.