The object of the study is a rock massif represented by complex-structured ore bodies mined by underground systems with open stoping or systems with bulk caving. Deposits of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin are represented by different types of ferruginous quartzite, which enables application of a great number of mining systems to mining blocks. There are also barren rock inclusions within the block which are extracted from the block along with ore, and this reduces the iron content of the mined ore mass. Findings of the comprehensive study enable concluding that application of the selective method when mining a deposit can enhance recovery rates. Analysis of methods for determining rock stability results in ascertaining that in case of a 4–7 m thick inclusion of barren rocks it is advisable to use a system with bulk caving at a single stage, and in case of a 7–12 m thick inclusion – in two stages. The first stage involves mining the hanging wall reserves, the footwall reserves are mined at the second stage. This method is distinguished by leaving a barren rock inclusion in the block. The developed options of the mining system allow increasing the iron content in the mined ore mass by 2–4% and obtaining the expected economic effect from 3.0 M to 30.2 M USD depending on mining and geological conditions.
Ensuring the correct development of the deposit is a priority production task, which is based on a scientifically grounded assessment of the geometrical characteristics of the mineral deposit and a clear understanding of the nature and quantity of the deposit’s re-serves. Aim of the study is a geological and industrial assessment of a mineral deposit, which provides for the correct determination of the quantity and quality of explored reserves, requires the collection and processing of such material, which would be sufficient to draw up a technically correct and economically feasible project for the development of the deposit. The research methodology consists in mining and geometrical modeling and monitoring of subsoil based on progressive and classical methods and techniques for geometrization of the array of minerals and host rocks. This includes a set of measures aimed at collecting and evaluating the initial information, assessing its accuracy, mathematical processing and determining the optimal and most effective methods for solving the problem of geometrization of the field. The results allow us to practically solve the problems of mining operations related to the assessment of reserves of mineral deposits, their genesis, the nature of occurrence, quality, the possibility of sorting, forecasting and industrial development. An effective set of methods has been developed based on the statistical assessment of mineral deposits, as well as the use of the latest geoinformation systems, which provide the possibility of high-quality and accurate calculation and assessment of mineral deposits.
The application of information technologies leads to the improvement of the companies’ production parameters in each sector according to the criteria for sustainable development. Naturally, in order to achieve efficiency, they must be tailored to the specifics of the industry, in this case the mining industry. The article proposes a methodology for the introduction of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) for the transport information flow at a mining company. Based on the chosen organizational structure, the participating actors and the data they share, the information channels are determined. According to the necessary rights of the participants to modify the transactions and the number of channels of the transport information flow, a consensus mechanism Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant and the so-called smart contract have been chosen. Different DLT platforms are analyzed. Hyperledger Fabric was selected as an appropriate platform in order to ensure the continuity of the system, the asynchronous control of the various channels and the ability to include different actors.
The article presents innovative technologies for the extraction of minerals from underground mines with complex geological, mining, and technical and geomechanical characteristics. The need to develop such mining technologies is discussed and the conditions under which they should be applied are presented. Principal variants of extraction technologies such as Raisebor technology, Raisebor technology in combination with the drilling and blasting method and the continuous development system using Alimak or KOV - 25 monorail complex are shown in the article.
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