Background Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 may be useful disease markers and prognostic indicators. Recently, post-infectious telogen effluvium and trichodynia have also been reported. Objective To evaluate the presence of trichodynia and telogen effluvium in patients with COVID-19 and describe their characteristics in relation to other signs and symptoms of the disease. Methods Patients with a history of COVID-19 presenting to the clinics of a group of hair experts because of telogen effluvium and/or scalp symptoms, were questioned with regards about their hair signs and symptoms in relation to the severity of COVID-19 and associated symptoms. Results Data from 128 patients were collected. Telogen effluvium was observed in 66.3% of patients and trichodynia in 58.4%. Trichodynia was associated to telogen effluvium in 42.4% of cases and was associated to anosmia and ageusia in 66.1% and 44.1% of cases, respectively. In the majority of patients (62.5%), hair signs and symptoms started within the first month post-COVID-19 diagnosis and in 47.8% of patients after 12 weeks or more. Limitations Recruitment of patient in specialized hair clinics, lack of a control group, and lack of recording of patient comorbidities. Conclusion The severity of the post-viral telogen effluvium observed in patients with a history of COVID-19 infection is influenced by COVID-19 severity. We identified an early onset (<4 weeks) and a late onset (>12 weeks) telogen effluvium.

Background Otolaryngologists are faced with concerning challenges since the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic due to significant risk of occupational infection. Transmission can happen during intraoperative exposure to viral particles carried by droplets or aerosols. Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery are notable for causing aerosolisation, putting healthcare staff at substantial risk. Method We describe the creation of a tight-seal tent from a microscope drape covering the operative field and the operator’s hands with the aim to contain aerosols during transnasal endoscopic surgery. Conclusion The microscope drape technique is a simple barrier measure that could potentially improve safety during endoscopic procedures.

Background Endoscopic sinus and anterior skull base surgery is considered particularly high risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 transmission in the operating theatre setting. In this context, the use of a microscope drape method is proposed, to minimise aerosol spread in the wider operating theatre environment. Methods The efficacy of the method is assessed with a simulation model, using a CMI Concept Air Trace MK2 smoke generator for aerosol generation and a Fluke 985 air particle counter to measure air particles sized 0.3–10 μm in the operating theatre environment. Results Aerosol spread was contained almost to baseline levels with the application of the drape barrier and the negative pressure created using suction within the drape. Conclusion The method is an efficient adjunct that could reduce the risk of aerosol shedding and viral transmission to the operating theatre team. It potentially allows faster operating theatre turnover and more liberal use of powered instruments during endonasal surgery.

A569data. Results were presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) per PASI90 16-week response. Both one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. Results: Combining Secukinumab 300 significantly greater effectiveness in terms of PASI90 response compared with Ustekinumab and Etanercept with the total 2-year costs accrued in each therapeutic option, the base-case ICERs per PASI90 response of Secukinumab 300 versus Ustekinumab 90, Ustekinumab 45, Ustekinumab 90&45 weighted and Etanercept were € 9,543, € 13,316, € 11,941 and € 17,448, respectively. These ICERs lie well beneath the defined willingness-to-pay threshold of € 36,000 in Greece (twice the per capita income) indicating that Secukinumab 300 is cost-effective versus Ustekinumab and Etanercept in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. The sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the model results. ConClusions: Secukinumab was found to be cost-effective in terms of PASI90 response at 16-weeks compared with both Ustekinumab and Etanercept for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Greece.