The riparian areas of the Mediterranean are unique but face many pressures from anthropogenic and climate change impacts. They have very rich and diverse plant communities as a result of the dynamic fluvio-geomorphologic conditions of the Mediterranean streams. In this study, the riparian areas of two adjacent mountainous tributaries (Arkoudorema and Vathirema) of the Nestos River were studied. To assess the condition of riparian areas holistically, diverse measurements are required. This is why fluvio-geomorphologic (in the field and with GIS), vegetation (surveys and visual protocols) and ground-dwelling insect (pitfall traps and indices) measurements were taken along an elevational gradient. The results of all three methodologies draw to similar conclusions, with Vathirema sub-watershed riparian areas being in better condition than Arkoudoreama. This was expected, since Vathirema has less anthropogenic pressures. In addition, the riparian areas in higher elevations were in better condition for the same reason. To implement integrated water resources management plans, fluvio-geomorphologic and biological (e.g., vegetation and insects) datasets are required to provide a holistic view on the watershed and riparian area conditions. For the studied sub-watersheds, we recommend these measurements to continue, to record the current anthropogenic pressures and based on this information to suggest best management practices that will secure long-term sustainability.
The goal of the present study was to investigate developmental changes in the religiosity of individuals in relation to age, education and gender. The study also investigated the relation among religious faith and religious schemas. The sample used was comprised of 285 individuals of Christian Orthodox faith (men n = 128, women n = 157) with ages range of 13-86 years (M = 26.69, SD = 15.80). Participants had high school, lyceum, graduate, and post graduate education. All participants filled out two questionnaires, Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire and Religious Schema Scale. Results showed a significant affect mostly of age and education and less of gender on the formation of religiosity. Results also presented a significant relation among religious faith and religious schemas of truth of texts and teachings (ttt) and fairness, tolerance and rational choice (frt).
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