Open University in Indonesia as the higher education institution is using DE modes. All course content are delivered through printed learning modules, and 25 percent of course materials are multimedia packages. Learning support is provided via face-to-face, online, and broadcast modes. Radio tutorials are broadcast by the government-owned National Radio Station Network. Online courses use a learning management system. All online support services can be accessed by students through the UT-Online portal, which contains online tutorials and exercises, Web-based learning materials, streamed TV programs, a digital library with journals and transcripts, academic counseling, and ther online education facilities. This study aimed to analyze the need of the development model of blended learning for action research course which increasing the competence of primary school teacher students. The research was conducted in UPPJJ UT Bandung, one of UT's regional office in west java. Research subject was students, tutors and administrator classroom. By the study, specific goals can be outlined as follows: (i) to study the existing condition of the learning process that occurs at present in S1 PGSD UPBJJ UT Bandung; (ii) to develop form of a blended learning model can improve the competency of graduates; (iii) to study the perceptions of students and faculty on the application of blended learning model on distance learning System;

This study is based on students critical thinking low ability in solving contextual problems which are faced by students. Problems-based learning is one of alternative learning model to improve students critical thinking. The aim of the study is to analyze problems-based learning efect toward improvement of students critical thinking. The method that used is experiment. In this study, experiment class use problems-based learning and control class use conventional learning. Instruments that used critical thinking test. Wilcoxon test result shows that there is difference on improvement of critical thinking ability significantly (α 0,05) between class that use problems-based learning with class that use conventional instruction; there is also difference on improvement of students critical thinking significantly between students with high ability and students with low ability; and there is significant interaction between learning model with students ability toward students critical thinking.

Mathematical thinking is divided into lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). The LOTS is consisted of recall thinking and basic thinking, while HOTS required a more complex thinking abilities such as critical thinking and creative thinking. This research is aimed to develop a valid, effective, and practical HOTS-based worksheet for S-1 PGSD students who took Mathematics course in Universitas Terbuka. The application of HOTS-based worksheet is expected to be able to improve students’ learning motivation, as well as their ability in thinking critically and creatively in solving mathematical problems. The research is a developmental research, and the obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The subjects of this research were 72 students of S-1 PGSD program Universitas Terbuka Surabaya who took Mathematics (PDGK4108) course. The results showed that the developed HOTS-based worksheet fulfils the validity, practical, and effective criteria to improve students’ learning motivation, which can be seen that 77% of students (56 students) felt encouraged and motivated to think critically and creatively, 72% of students (52 students) showed the ability to solve problem based questions. Furthermore, 78% of the students (41 students) achieved 75 out of 100 score or more. It can be concluded that the application of the developed HOTS-based worksheet is suitable in teaching Mathematics. Kemampuan berpikir dalam matematika dibagi atas kemampuan berpikir tingkat rendah (low order thinking skills disingkat LOTS) dan berpikir tingkat tinggi (high order thinking skills disingkat HOTS). Berpikir yang tergolong LOTS meliputi berpikir memanggil (recall thinking), dan berpikir dasar (basic thinking),sedangkan yang tergolong HOTS meliputi berpikir kritis (critical thinking) dan berpikir kreatif (creative thinking). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan LKM (lembar kerja mahasiswa) berbasis HOTS pada matakuliah Matematika di program S-1 PGSD UT yang valid, efektif dan praktis. Pendekatan tutorial dengan menggunakan LKM HOTS ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa dan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis serta meningkatkan kemampuan dalam mengerjakan soal-soal matematika sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan (developmental research) dan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 72 mahasiswa program S1 PGSD UPBJJ UT Surabaya yang mengambil mata kuliah Matematika (PDGK4108). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKM berbasis HOTS yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis danefektif,  untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa, ditunjukkan oleh 77% (56 mahasiswa) yang merasa tertantang dan termotivasi untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi (kritis, dan kreatif), 72% (52 mahasiswa) mampu menyelesaikan soal-soal yang bersifat pemecahan masalah, dan dari mahasiswa yang mampu tersebut ada sebanyak 78 % (41 mahasiswa) mendapat nilai lebih dari atau sama 75 dari skor maksimal 100. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa LKM bebasis HOTS yang dikembangkan cocok untuk diaplikasikan dalam pengajaran matematika.

A. PENDAHULUANSejak usia dini manusia sudah memiliki rasa ingin tahu atau rasa penasaran untuk mengenal segala sesuatu yang ada di lingkungan sekitarnya, antara lain terhadap fenomena-fenomena alam yang ada di lingkungan sekitar ini. Rasa ingin tahu seseorang akan terus meningkat dan semakin kompleks seiring dengan berkembangnya akal pikirannya hingga akhir hayatnya. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seseorang sering menjumpai fenomena-fenomena alam yang membuatnya terpana, takjub, terpukau bahkan menjadi tertarik dan menyenanginya. Ini dikarenakan antara lain fenomena alam itu terlihat sangat indah, sangat langka, sangat aneh, ajaib, atau karena baru melihatnya. Adanya fenomena alam ini membuat rasa ingin tahu atau rasa penasaran seseorang menjadi meningkat. Dalam keadaan demikian pada diri seseorang itu akan muncul pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan fenomena-fenomena alam yang dilihatnya atau diamatinya dan akan berusaha untuk menyelidikinya hingga ditemukan jawabannya. Kondisi ini dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran biologi. Dalam pembelajaran biologi rasa ingin tahu seseorang itu akan muncul apabila pada diri seseorang itu menerima rangsangan yang kuat dari fenomena-fenomena alam yang dilihat atau diamatinya. Fenomena-fenomena alam yang terkesan sangat indah, 1 Dosen Universitas Terbuka UPBJJ Bandung 2 Dosen Universitas Terbuka UPBJJ Bandung

Mathematical thinking is divided into lower-order thinking skills (LOTS) and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). The LOTS is consisted of recall thinking and basic thinking, while HOTS required a more complex thinking abilities such as critical thinking and creative thinking. This research is aimed to develop a valid, effective, and practical HOTS-based worksheet for S-1 PGSD students who took Mathematics course in Universitas Terbuka. The application of HOTS-based worksheet is expected to be able to improve students’ learning motivation, as well as their ability in thinking critically and creatively in solving mathematical problems. The research is a developmental research, and the obtained data were analyzed descriptively. The subjects of this research were 72 students of S-1 PGSD program Universitas Terbuka Surabaya who took Mathematics (PDGK4108) course. The results showed that the developed HOTS-based worksheet fulfils the validity, practical, and effective criteria to improve students’ learning motivation, which can be seen that 77% of students (56 students) felt encouraged and motivated to think critically and creatively, 72% of students (52 students) showed the ability to solve problem based questions. Furthermore, 78% of the students (41 students) achieved 75 out of 100 score or more. It can be concluded that the application of the developed HOTS-based worksheet is suitable in teaching Mathematics. Kemampuan berpikir dalam matematika dibagi atas kemampuan berpikir tingkat rendah (low order thinking skills disingkat LOTS) dan berpikir tingkat tinggi (high order thinking skills disingkat HOTS). Berpikir yang tergolong LOTS meliputi berpikir memanggil (recall thinking), dan berpikir dasar (basic thinking),sedangkan yang tergolong HOTS meliputi berpikir kritis (critical thinking) dan berpikir kreatif (creative thinking). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan LKM (lembar kerja mahasiswa) berbasis HOTS pada matakuliah Matematika di program S-1 PGSD UT yang valid, efektif dan praktis. Pendekatan tutorial dengan menggunakan LKM HOTS ini, diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa dan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis serta meningkatkan kemampuan dalam mengerjakan soal-soal matematika sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan (developmental research) dan deskriptif. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 72 mahasiswa program S1 PGSD UPBJJ UT Surabaya yang mengambil mata kuliah Matematika (PDGK4108). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKM berbasis HOTS yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis danefektif,  untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa, ditunjukkan oleh 77% (56 mahasiswa) yang merasa tertantang dan termotivasi untuk berpikir tingkat tinggi (kritis, dan kreatif), 72% (52 mahasiswa) mampu menyelesaikan soal-soal yang bersifat pemecahan masalah, dan dari mahasiswa yang mampu tersebut ada sebanyak 78 % (41 mahasiswa) mendapat nilai lebih dari atau sama 75 dari skor maksimal 100. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa LKM bebasis HOTS yang dikembangkan cocok untuk diaplikasikan dalam pengajaran matematika.