Curvularia sp. a new fungal pathogen causing leaf spot on the leaf of mustard greenA new diseases symptom as small spots of 1.5 - 1 mm diameter has been found on mustard green's leaf of farmer's field at Tanjungsari Regency of Sumedang. This symptom is different from those previously known incited by Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicola, Pseudocercosporella capsellae as well as by Myscosphaerella brassicicola. Although the spots are small, they are abundant and accompanied with yellowing, making these symptoms detrimental to mustard green production which has to be green and healthy. A Koch Postulate has been performed and successfully identified that the fungal causal agent was of the genera of Curvularia. Previously, curvularia leaf spot disease has never been reported on mustard green in Indonesia.Keywords: Curvularia, Leaf spots, Mustard green, Brassica junceaABSTRAKGejala penyakit baru, berupa bercak hitam berukuran diameter 0,5 - 1 mm ditemukan pada daun tanaman sawi milik petani di daerah Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang. Gejala demikian berbeda dengan gejala-gejala penyakit bercak yang selama ini dikenal disebabkan oleh Alternaria brassicae dan A. brassicola, Pseudocercosporella capsellae dan Myscosphaerella brassicicola. Walaupun gejalanya berukuran kecil, namun karena jumlahnya banyak dan menyebabkan daun menguning, menjadikan gejala penyakit ini merugikan tanaman sawi yang harus hijau dan sehat. Uji Postulat Koch telah dilaksanakan, dan berhasil mengidentifikasi bahwa berdasarkan morfologi mikroskopiknya, jamur tersebut adalah dari genus Curvularia. Penyakit bercak daun curvularia, sebelumnya, belum pernah dilaporkan terdapat pada tanaman sawi di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Curvularia, Bercak daun, Sawi, Brassica juncea
Curvularia sp. a new fungal pathogen causing leaf spot on the leaf of mustard greenA new diseases symptom as small spots of 1.5 - 1 mm diameter has been found on mustard green's leaf of farmer's field at Tanjungsari Regency of Sumedang. This symptom is different from those previously known incited by Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicola, Pseudocercosporella capsellae as well as by Myscosphaerella brassicicola. Although the spots are small, they are abundant and accompanied with yellowing, making these symptoms detrimental to mustard green production which has to be green and healthy. A Koch Postulate has been performed and successfully identified that the fungal causal agent was of the genera of Curvularia. Previously, curvularia leaf spot disease has never been reported on mustard green in Indonesia.Keywords: Curvularia, Leaf spots, Mustard green, Brassica junceaABSTRAKGejala penyakit baru, berupa bercak hitam berukuran diameter 0,5 - 1 mm ditemukan pada daun tanaman sawi milik petani di daerah Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang. Gejala demikian berbeda dengan gejala-gejala penyakit bercak yang selama ini dikenal disebabkan oleh Alternaria brassicae dan A. brassicola, Pseudocercosporella capsellae dan Myscosphaerella brassicicola. Walaupun gejalanya berukuran kecil, namun karena jumlahnya banyak dan menyebabkan daun menguning, menjadikan gejala penyakit ini merugikan tanaman sawi yang harus hijau dan sehat. Uji Postulat Koch telah dilaksanakan, dan berhasil mengidentifikasi bahwa berdasarkan morfologi mikroskopiknya, jamur tersebut adalah dari genus Curvularia. Penyakit bercak daun curvularia, sebelumnya, belum pernah dilaporkan terdapat pada tanaman sawi di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Curvularia, Bercak daun, Sawi, Brassica juncea
ABSTRAKPenyakit bercak daun Curvularia merupakan penyakit baru pada tanaman sawi. Pengendalian penyakit dengan fungisida sintetik sangat berbahaya karena daun sawi dikonsumsi sebagai sayuran mentah atau pengolahan minimal, untuk itu diperlukan alternatif cara pengendalian yang lebih aman bagi kesehatan seperti menginduksi resistensi tanaman menggunakan bahan kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan beberapa bahan penginduksi resistensi seperti asam salisilat, kitin, K2HPO4, dan vitamin B1. Sementara, Bion M1/48, bahan penginduksi komersial, digunakan sebagai pembanding. Bahan penginduksi diaplikasikan melalui cara perendaman benih dan disemprotkan. Pada perlakuan perendaman, benih direndam dalam suspensi bahan penginduksi selama 12 jam, sedangkan pada perlakuan penyemprotan, bahan penginduksi disemprotkan satu kali yaitu dua hari sebelum inokulasi dilakukan. Inokulasi patogen yang digunakan memiliki suspensi konidia kerapatan 5 x 10 5 konidia ml -1 . Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap masa inkubasi dan intensitas penyakit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman benih asam salisilat, kitin dan K2HPO4, mampu menunda kemunculan gejala sakit lebih lama dibandingkan Bion M 1/48. Terhadap intensitas penyakit, asam salisilat, kitin, dan K2HPO4, juga efektif menginduksi resistensi tanaman sawi terhadap penyakit bercak daun Curvularia. Ketiga senyawa kimia ini potensial untuk digunakan sebagai pengganti fungisida sintetis dalam mengendalikan penyakit bercak daun Curvularia pada tanaman sawi.Kata kunci: asam salisilat, Bion M 1/48, kitin, K 2 HPO 4 , vitamin B 1 ABSTRACT Curvularia leaf spot is a new disease on mustard green (Brassica juncea L.). The diseases control with synthetic fungicide is dangerous since mustard green leaves are freshly consumed or with minimum treatments. Therefore, a safer alternative method must be sought such inducing plant resistance using chemical inducers. This research aimed to evaluate effectiveness of salicylic acid, chitin, K2HPO4, vitamin B1, as resistance inducers. Meanwhile,
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