No abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and women, and is the leading cause of cancer-related death (approximately 25% of all cancer deaths) worldwide. 1,2 Most cases of lung cancer are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (approximately 85%), which can be further classified as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or large cell carcinoma. 3 Although multiple strategies, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have been applied in the clinical treatment of NSCLC, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of NSCLC patients at all stages is only 16%. 4,5 Thus, studies that investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression and metastasis of NSCLC would be valuable for development of novel therapeutic options for lung cancer in the clinic.