Background Genetic factors are important considerations in the etiology of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Several previous studies have shown an association of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with hypertension in pregnancy. However, the number of studies is still very limited and the results differ from one another. Aim of the study This study aimed to analyze the polymorphisms of rs2228570 and rs731236 of the VDR gene in subjects with hypertension and non-hypertension in pregnancy in Madura ethnicity. Subjects and methods The researchers conducted tests for two polymorphisms in the VDR gene among 210 subjects consisting of 105 pregnant women with hypertension and 105 non-hypertension pregnant women from Madura ethnicity. The rs2228570 (T>C) and rs731236 (C>T) polymorphisms were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. All data were analyzed by T-tests and Chi-Square tests. Results The TT genotype frequency of rs2228570 (15.2%) in the hypertension group was higher than in the control group (6.7%) (p = 0.047). Subjects with the TT genotype at rs2228570 showed a 3.048 times greater risk of developing hypertension than the CC genotype (OR = 3.048: 1.135–8.183, p = 0.023). The T allele frequency of rs2228570 (40.5%) in the hypertension group was higher than in the control group (30.5%) (p = 0.032). Subjects with the T allele had 1.551 times greater risk of developing hypertension. There was no significant difference in genotype and allele of rs731236 between hypertension subjects and controls. Conclusion The TT genotype and T allele of rs2228570 in the hypertension group were risk factors for hypertension in this study. While the TT genotype and T allele at rs731236 were not risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy. Genotyping of VDR gene polymorphisms in pregnant women is expected to be useful in strategies for treating hypertension in pregnancy.

The incidence of anemia is common in adolescent girls. Anemia causes decreased learning achievement due to lack of concentration. This research aimed to analyze the determinant factors associated with the incidence of anemia in female students at Islamic Boarding School Al Hidayah 2 Bangkalan. The research was observational analytic, a cross sectional design. The population was female students at Islamic Boarding School Al Hidayah 2 and the sample size was 72 people. The independent variables include menstrual patterns, sleep patterns, consumption patterns of food sources of iron and nutritional status. The dependent variable was anemia status. Data collection on menstrual patterns and sleep patterns used a questionnaire, consumption patterns with the Food Frequency Questionnaire and anemia status by testing hemoglobin levels. Analysis of the data by Contingency Coefficient test. The results showed that 27.8% of subjects experienced menorrhagia, 54.2% had poor sleep patterns, 58.3% had good food consumption patterns, 25.0% had underweight nutritional status, and 13.9% subjects experienced anemia. Correlation tests showed that the menstrual pattern was significantly related to anemia status (p=0.048). Sleep pattern (p=0.776), food consumption pattern (p=0.908) and nutritional status (p=0.462) were not significantly correlated with the incidence of anemia. Menstrual pattern is the most influential factor of anemia incidence.  The longer of menstrual period will cause the greater the chance of the subject experiencing anemia.

This is a cross sectional study that aims to analyze the factors associated with blood glucose levels on teenage women. The researcher selected 77 female Islamic students (Santriwati) at the Syaichona Cholil 2 Islamic Boarding School as the respondents by using simple random sampling. The Data were collected by interviews, observations, and measurements which conducted on October 2019. The research variables were the education level, blood pressure status, instant drink consumption, nutritional status, and physical activity which were analyzed by using Correlation Rank Spearman with significance α = 0.05. The results showed that factors related to blood glucose levels are blood pressure status (p = 0.035) and physical activity (p = 0.023); while the level of education (p = 0.571), instant drink consumption (p = 0.955), and nutritional status (p = 0.159) are not associated with blood glucose level. The school suppose to conduct blood glucose screening test on teenagers for early detection of atrisk teenagers.

Pengasuhan atau orang tua akan memberikan perlakuan yang berbeda-beda. Sikap dan perlakuan orang tua pada anaknya yang kemudian menjadikan kebiasaan pula bagi anak-anaknya. Hal ini juga akan berpengaruh pada perkembangan anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua  dengan perkembangan sosial anak prasekolah usia 4-6 tahun di TK Nurul Ulum Bangkalan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasinya adalah semua ibu di TK Nurul Ulum dengan anak usia 4 – 6 tahun sebanyak 60 orang dan sampelnya sebanyak 56 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Variabel independen yaitu pola asuh ibu terhadap anak sedangkan variabel dependen yaitu perkembangan sosial anak. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Statistic Lambda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase terbesar orang tua anak di TK Nurul Ulum menerapkan pola asuh permisif yaitu sebayak 20 orang (35,7%) sedangkan perkembangan sosial anak dengan persentase terbesar memiliki perkembangan yang baik yaitu sebanyak 27 anak (48,2%). Hasil uji statistik Lambda menunjukkan ada hubungan bermakna antara pola asuh orang tua terhadap anak dengan perkembangan sosial anak prasekolah usia 4 – 6 tahun di TK Nurul Ulum Bangkalan (p = 0.019 < α = 0.05). Setiap orang tua memiliki cara tersendiri untuk mendidik anaknya, namun pola asuh yang tepat sangat diperlukan untuk proses perkembangan anak. Sehingga diharapkan untuk para orang tua memiliki pengetahuan tentang pola asuh yang tepat untuk anaknya, dan mengaplikasikan pola asuh yang sesuai dengan umur anak, tanpa melupakan hak dan keinginan anak.

Lansia mengalami proses penuaan yang mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi tubuh salah satunya fungsi kognitif. Harga diri dan interaksi sosial merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap fungsi kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan harga diri dan interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia Di RW 05 Kelurahan Kraton Kecamatan Bangkalan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah lansia berusia 60 tahun ke atas dan besar sampel sebanyak 36 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Variabel independen adalah harga diri dan interaksi sosial sedangkan variabel dependen adalah fungsi kognitif. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Berdasarkan uji statistik spearman rank didapatkan p=0.000 (<0.05), berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara harga diri dengan fungsi kognitif. Dan didapatkan p=0.004 (<0.05), berarti ada hubungan yang bermakna antara interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif. Terdapat hubungan positif dengan tingkat korelasi kuat antara harga diri dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Artinya semakin baik nilai harga diri maka fungsi kognitif akan semakin utuh. Sementara itu interaksi sosial dengan fungsi kognitif menunjukkan hubungan positif namun tingkat korelasinya sedang. Artinya semakin baik nilai interaksi sosial maka fungsi kognitif akan semakinutuh.