No abstract

Introduction: The COVID19 pandemic brought a new panorama for the realization of dental treatment for the general population due to the risk of cross infection in the dental office -  aerosol formation and insertion of new personal protective equipment. Emergency and emergency dental criteria were defined to limit the flow of patients in the office in order to improve biosafety conditions among patients. Objective: to describe the dental procedures pertinent to outpatient special care or during hospitalization in the VOCID19 pandemic -  changes in care and implement biosecurity criteria. Basic procedures: The dental care of the special patient suffers changes -  mainly referring to the difficulty of access to the offices -  interruption of the conditioning process and difficulty to perform outpatient sedation and sedation with nitrous oxide. Dental care during hospitalization is essential in this patient due to prolonged time of tracheal oro intubation -  traumatic oral lesions -  preparation of specific oral care protocols -  removal of mouth infectious and installation of mouth protectors. Conclusion: Change of care -  inclusion of individual protection equipment and new knowledge about the COVID19 allows us to safely assist the patient with special needs both in the dental office and in hospital environment -  providing quality of life -  oral comfort and reducing oral infections during and after the pandemic. KEYWORDSDental care; Hospitals - Special; Needs assessment; Dental service - Hospital; Intensive care units; Pandemics.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare and potentially lethal autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. Injuries caused by the disease cause pain, risk of infection, and other complications that result in a high mortality rate. Frequently, management of the PV requires intensive care and a multidisciplinary approach. Oral lesions of PV are usually the first clinical signs of the disease and the last lesions to heal, requiring treatment by a specialized dental team. The aim of this study was to report two clinical cases of PV with involvement of the oral mucosa. The patients were admitted to an intensive care unit, and underwent multidisciplinary management of their condition along with low-level laser therapy. Both cases demonstrated the importance of specialized dental care in improving the quality of life of patients with PV.

Prolactin (PRL) is a pleiotropic hormone that was identified in the context of maternal care and its release from the anterior pituitary is primarily controlled by neuroendocrine dopaminergic (NEDA) neurones of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. The sexually dimorphic nature of PRL physiology and associated behaviours is evident in mammals, even though the number and density of NEDA neurones is reported as not being sexually dimorphic in rats. However, the underlying circuits controlling NEDA neuronal activity and subsequent PRL release are largely uncharacterised. Thus, we mapped whole‐brain monosynaptic NEDA inputs in male and female mice. Accordingly, we employed a rabies virus based monosynaptic tracing system capable of retrogradely mapping inputs into genetically defined neuronal populations. To gain genetic access to NEDA neurones, we used the dopamine transporter promoter. Here, we unravel 59 brain regions that synapse onto NEDA neurones and reveal that male and female mice, despite monomorphic distribution of NEDA neurones in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, receive sexually dimorphic amount of inputs from the anterior hypothalamic nucleus, anteroventral periventricular nucleus, medial preoptic nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, posterior periventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral supramammillary nucleus, tuberal nucleus and periaqueductal grey. Beyond highlighting the importance of considering sex as a biological variable when evaluating connectivity in the brain, these results illustrate a case where a neuronal population with similar anatomical distribution has a subjacent sexually dimorphic connectivity pattern, potentially capable of contributing to the sexually dimorphic nature of PRL release and function.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a mucocutaneous disorder characterized by the detachment of epidermal and mucous tissues and areas of necrosis, resulting from hypersensitivity reactions to different drugs. We report a clinical case of a 19-year-old male patient diagnosed with TEN, with 90% involvement of the body surface and severe oral involvement. The patient was monitored by dentists from the multidisciplinary team of an intensive care unit, where adjuvant treatment was performed through photobiomodulation to control pain and regenerate the oral mucosa. The case represents the importance of early performance in oral TEN injuries and the role of the multidisciplinary team for comprehensive treatment.