This article presents a comprehensive review of the research carried out on Dielectric Resonator Antennas (DRAs) over the last three decades. Dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) have received increased attention in various applications due to their attractive features in terms of high radiation efficiency, light weight, small size and low profile. Over last decades, various bandwidth enhancement techniques have been developed for DRAs. In this article, the attention is focused on a type of DRAs that can offer multi-resonance frequencies and these frequencies can be merged into a broad band. In order to effectively review design techniques, DRAs in this article are categorized into three types, broadband, ultra-wideband (UWB) and multiband. The latest developments in DRAs are discussed in the limited scope of this article.

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In this article, a modified fractal rectangular curve (FRC)-shaped dielectric resonator antennas (DRA) with two different functionalities is reported. These antennas are split in the middle into two halves and are excited by a coaxial probe. In first configuration, the fractal geometry is used to achieve wide bandwidth from 3.5 to 5.0 GHz covering the body area network frequencies as well as the IEEE 802.11a WLAN frequencies. The average peak gain within the band is about 7 dBi. The second investigation involves miniaturization of rectangular DRA by using FRC along the cross-sectional boundary. By this, a DRA at 3.2 GHz could be realized using second iteration of modified rectangular curve fractal geometry resulting in a 50% size reduction by maintaining same radiation characteristics. V C 2012Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 00:000-000, 2012.

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