Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its application is providing new horizons in research and applied science. The goal of this study was to determine the level of awareness, attitudes, and future perspectives about AI among dental students and professionals and its application in digital pathology. A questionnaire survey was conducted among Undergraduate and Postgraduate dental students and Faculty/Clinicians through Google Forms. It was categorised into sections with the objective of determining knowledge, attitudes, and future perspectives of AI and its potential applications in pathology. The responders' identities were kept anonymous. A total of 200 people responded to the poll, with 136 females and 64 males with an average of 24 years. The study included 125 Undergraduates, 44 Post graduate students, and 31 Faculty/Clinicians. 73.5 % were aware that AI might be utilised in medicine. According to 87.5 %, it should be incorporated in the curriculum. 79 % feel it will play an important role in diagnostic and treatment planning in the future. Although the participants have a limited understanding of AI, they are eager to learn more about it. Participants expressed optimism, believing that AI will have a beneficial influence on medical practise in future. Artificial Intelligence approaches and development trends will focus on machine learning based on data acquired from the most recent diagnostic modalities, such as multi-omics (e.g., genomics, metabolomics) and imaging technologies, especially in areas where objective detection methods are missing. Finally, developing global and national standards and laws is required to accelerate the use and spread of AI in health and medicine. It will be useful in forecasting the prognosis, recurrence, and survival rate of oral cancer patients and also to predict the malignant transformation of pre-malignant lesion in high-risk patients.

Dental anomalies are common congenital disturbances that occur either as isolated findings or as part of a syndrome. They can affect the morphology in both primary & permanent dentition. Any developmental variation in shape, size, number, structure and position can lead to disturbances in normal odontogenesis and presents a clinical impact on esthetics, function, speech, malocclusion and in predisposition to dental caries and periodontal diseases. This case report presents unusual appearance of facial talon cusp on maxillary right permanent central incisor. CBCT imaging was done to establish a definitive diagnosis and treatment planning to clarify the doubt for pulpal involvement.

The presence of clear cells is associated with the aggressiveness of the lesion and also poses a diagnostic dilemma. Hence, specific categorization of the lesion is of the utmost importance for therapeutic intervention. A 70-year-old male patient reported with a chief complaint of discomfort and swelling in the left mandibular alveolar region. Biopsy from the lesion was suggestive of ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) with clear-cell differentiation. The differential diagnosis of clear-cell components can be clear-cell odontogenic carcinoma, clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the salivary gland, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and metastatic neoplasm. In the present case, the pathogenesis of this rare tumor is studied with the help of molecular markers such as p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and p63 along with special stains such as periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and alcian blue. The clinical and biological behavior of these lesser-known variants has not been established due to the scarcity of meta-analysis and systematic reviews. Thus, this rare case of AC with clear-cell differentiation would highlight the pathogenesis, prognosis, and outcome of the disease with unusual histological presentation than conventional AC.

The biological nature of salivary gland neoplasms and the overlapping characteristics that result from the heterogeneity of the cells of origin make diagnosis difficult. Hence, we intend to present a case of low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) on the palate and to understand the importance of biomarker such as p63 in the early diagnosis of tumor as it also has a role in its histogenesis. A 53-year-old female reported with a unilateral swelling for 3 months on posterolateral palatal region of the right side. Clinical differentials for such palatal swellings include a varied spectrum of lesions such as reactive, benign, and malignant lesions. Based on the incisional and excisional biopsy, histopathological findings and immunohistochemical examination with p63 the case were diagnosed with low grade MEC. The tumor cell differentiation in MEC could be the result of multiplicity of differentiation pathways leading to the formation of various histological patterns. This case report highlights the complexity of salivary gland pathology diagnosis and role of specific tumor marker such as p63 as an early marker for differentiation of salivary gland tumor such as low grade MEC from other cystic lesions occurring on the palate.

Introduction:  Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that affects people of all ages due to a complex interplay between genetic and environmental variables. The significance of genetics in an individual's vulnerability to caries has recently been explored in scientific literature. One such inherited genetic characteristic is blood group. The relationship between blood type, lifestyle, and dental caries may shed light on the above idea. Aim:  To explore into blood type as a possible risk factor for the development of dental caries. Material   And   Methods:  Blood samples from 39 people of the index ages (5, 12, 15, 35-44, and 60-74 years) were taken, and blood grouping was done before oral screening to determine the DMFT index. A self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct a complete diet analysis. SPSS software was used to do statistical analysis on the data. Results:   In different age groups, there was a strong link between different blood types, DMFT index, and diet. Conclusion:  The current study's results demonstrate that genetic and epigenetic variables play a significant influence in the development of dental caries. As a result, blood groups can be utilised to detect if a certain diet is associated with the development of dental caries. Keywords: Dental caries, ABO antigens, Blood group, DMFT index, risk predictors