Rheumatoid arthritis is a severe autoimmune disorder, related to joints. It is associated with serious cartilage destruction. This causes disability and reduces the excellence of life. Numerous treatments are existed to combat this disease, however, they are not very efficient and possess severe side effects, higher doses, and frequent administration.Therefore, newer therapies are developed to overcome all these limitations. These include different monoclonal antibodies, immunoglobulins, small molecules used for immunotherapy and transgenes for gene therapy. One of the main goals of these new generation therapeutics is to address the underlying distressing biological processes by specifically targeting the causative agents with fewer systemic side effects and greater patient console. It is very fortuitous that loads of progressive investigations are going on in this field and many of them have entered into the successful clinical trial. But till date, a limited molecule has got FDA clearance and entered the market for treating this devastating disease. This review highlights the overview of conventional therapy and advancements in newer therapeutics including immunotherapy and gene therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Further, different novel techniques for the delivery of these therapeutics of active and passive targeting are also described.

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Over the last few years, the focus over the ocular delivery system has been increased exponentially. The reason behind this interest may be due to noninvasive nature of this administration route along with its patient compatibility. The side effects associated are also fewer. However maintenance of its efficiency still remains a challenging task for the formulation scientists as there are number of external barriers like tear, blood flow in conjunctiva, blood retinal barrier, film clearance etc. Along with these problems, since the solubility of the drug also affects the efficiency of the formulation, nanosuspension is an attractive approach to resolve these problems. Nanosuspension contains a poorly soluble drug suspended in dispersion medium. This colloidal system improves the poor solubility of the drug to a great extent with alteration of its pharmacokinetic profile, its safety and efficacy.

Objective:The poor solubility which causes the poor bioavailability of simvastatin is an arduous task for the preparation of oral dosage form, which can be increased by the preparation of solid dispersion. Materials and Methods: The solid dispersions of simvastatin were prepared in different ratios by physical mixture method, kneading method and melting method using PEG 6000, β-cyclodextrin and Hydroxy Propyl β-cyclodextrin to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug. Results: These solid dispersions were analyzed for the solubility by prescribed methods. The solid dispersion of drug with HP β-cyclodextrin in 1:1 ratio has shown enormously improved solubility. Further FTIR and X-Ray studies were carried out. The compatibility study showed that there is no interaction between the drug and HP β-cyclodextrin and PXRD confirmed the amorphization of crystalline drug. Conclusion: The overall result showed that the solid dispersion of simvastatin can be prepared by various methods, of which the kneading method was best with HP β-CD in 1:1 (drug: polymer) ratio, in comparison with melting and physical mixture method. Hence we can conclude that the solubility of simvastatin can be enhanced using HP β-CD.