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Background: The Early Warning Indicators (EWI) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance measure factors found at the site level and known to be associated with the proper functioning of the program and the prevention of the emergence of R-ARV. The fact strengthening certain aspects of implementation of the program at the sites can help minimize the occurring of HIV Drug Resistance that can be prevented to improve the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of the treatment. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of the prevention of resistance of HIV Drug compared to EWI set by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the different Ambulatory Treatment Centers (ACT) in the city of Kinshasa. Methods: The present work was a retrospective survey conducted in 2015 in 7 ACTs in the 4 districts of Kinshasa in order to evaluate the EWI. Results: Seven (7) ATCs and 157 patient records were selected based on different inclusion criteria. The maintenance of first-line Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) at 12 months and the consistent delivery of ARVs were the two EWI that were respected, evaluation at 100%, for 6 ACTs. Conclusion: The caregivers and HIV-infected patients should be trained on the EWI and their monitoring to prevent the occurrence of treatment failures and that of HIV drug resistance in Kinshasa.

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Background: Viral hepatitis represents a major public health burden with more than 375 million people with chronic hepatitis B infection and 130 to 150 million with hepatitis C for 2016. Sub-Saharan Africa has the heaviest burden of the epidemic. Objective: The objective of this review is to present the characteristics of hepatitis B and C infections (HBV and HCV), present the synthesis and estimate its magnitude in the Democratic Republic of Congo for the last 20 years. Methods: This work consisted in cataloging the various published articles and abstracts presented in scientific conferences having as subject of interest the infection with viral hepatitis B and C in the DRC.