Interactions in the immune system of human body with a target population of, e.g., bacteria, viruses, antigens, or tumor cells must be considered as a dynamic process. It is argued that tumor growth, considered as a chaotic dynamical system which is sensitive to the initial conditions. It is evident that chaotic models are proposed which fit the observations well. In this present article, a new chaotic three dimensional model of cancer tumour growth, which includes the interactions between tumour cells, healthy tissue cells, and activated immune system cells, clearly leading to chaotic behavior. The dynamics of the model are explored by performing computationally the local equilibria stability, which indicate the conditions where chaotic dynamics can be observed, and show rigorously the existence of chaos in the proposed model.

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The growing interest in solar energy has led to large photovoltaic (PV) energy parks in today's world. Though the commonly used total‐cross‐tied (TCT) interconnection scheme reduces mismatch losses (MLs), the occurrence of partial shading on massive PV arrays (PVAs) reduces the output power. It invokes numerous local maximum power points (LMPPs) on the power–voltage (P–V) profiles. To counteract the undesired LMPPs, reconfiguration of PVAs is done either through electrical or physical reconfiguration methods. In this respect, physical relocation scheme is more economical for better distribution of partial shade. A novel greater‐than‐SuDoKu (GTS) topology is presented in this paper for achieving physical rearrangement of PV modules amalgamated with TCT interconnection scheme. For analysis, five shading cases are considered and obtained results are compared with conventional TCT and 10 newly established methods. In general, the proposed GTS strategy has shown its eminence in receiving a smoother P–V characteristic, enhanced efficiency, better fill factor, and reduced MLs, which ranges up to 1343 W. Moving forward, herein, the efficacy of the proposed reconfiguration scheme is validated, under the influence of partial shading conditions, through an experimental lab prototype for a 3 × 3 PVA.