growing trend in graduate and undergraduate medical education is to minimize the use of traditional lectures. 1,2 Medical schools advertise their departure from lectures and transition to active learning formats, with some curricula removing traditional lectures entirely. 1,3 Residency programs have also begun to employ flipped classroom and other interactive learning formats. 4-6 These transitions are informed by demonstrated merits of more effortful learning, 7 as well as the tendency of learners to stream lecture recordings remotely or miss lectures entirely. 8-10 However, others argue that lectures continue to hold an important place in medical education, citing benefits such as historical efficacy, scale, efficiency, and exposure to diverse thinking styles and expertise. 11-13 Podcasts-downloadable audio files typically released as installments in a series-have become popular among medical trainees. 14,15 Depending on the specialty, 35% to 88% of residents report listening to medically relevant podcasts. 16-18 Professional medical organizations both endorse and produce medical podcasts, some of which garner as many as 200 000 downloads per month. 19,20 Many students and residents prefer podcasts to other learning modalities, 15,21-24 and emerging data support their educational value for development and retention of knowledge 23-27 and practical skills. 28,29 As one example of their impact, 72% of 356 responding emergency medicine residents reported that podcasts changed their clinical practice either ''somewhat'' or ''very much,'' although further research is needed to document higher-level outcomes. 17,24 Trainees have also cited the benefits of podcasts beyond knowledge acquisition, including a sense of connection to local and national peers and faculty. 24 Podcasts and traditional lectures have many similarities. Like lectures, podcasts may appear to be designed to unilaterally transfer expertise and opinions to a large group of learners.

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Summary A single blind clinical trial including 92 patients was done to demonstrate a time-effective homeopathic approach involving Euphrasia eye drops for acute viral conjunctivitis.

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