In addition to excessive burden of non-communicable diseases, natural and manmade disasters and internal conflicts, Sudan is predominantly susceptible to communicable diseases such as Malaria, Tuberculosis, and Pneumonia, which bring about a burden of infectious diseases and demand for high quality health care. According to the WHO as well as the Sudan Health Observatory, Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in Sudan. This study therefore aimed to determine pneumonia infection prevalence among Sudanese as well as its related risk factors. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in the 1st of December 2020. The review was regulated in accordance with PRISMA. After abstract and full text screening only seventeen articles met our inclusion criteria and passed the quality assessment procedure. Seven included studies determined prevalence of pneumonia; the overall pooled prevalence was around 30%. Furthermore, twelve research articles investigated risk factors related to pneumonia among Sudanese population. Further research with larger sample sizes targeting risk factors of pneumonia among Sudanese population is needed to be conducted. Keywords Africa, Developing countries, Risk, STIs, sub-Saharan Africa