THALASSEMIA SOCIALIZATION TO BIOLOGY TEACHERS IN BANYUMAS: EFFORT OF INTEGRATED PREVENTION THROUGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM. Thalassemia is a hematologic disease that causes hemoglobin blood defects. As a result, red blood cells become fragile and unable to perform their standard functions. Thalassemia in Indonesia is a quite lot. Recorded data, the carrier traits are about 3-10%, spread across all provinces. Currently, no final treatment can cure this disease altogether. Regular transfusion and iron chelating drugs are still survival of thalassemia patients. Prevention program is one of efficient handling. The pattern of thalassemia gene decline follows the laws of the recessive Mendel. Prevention is done by campaigning premarital screening to married couples or further to younger individuals so they can plan marriages wisely. High School Biology teachers are an essential factor in preventing thalassemia. They can deliver prevention programs through lessons at school. They can also be pioneers in an early self-detection carrier to teenagers before they plan a marriage. Because of its strategic role, the socialization of thalassemia in high school teachers becomes very important.

TRAINING OF THALASSEMIA-AWARE PMR IN XXV JUMBARA EVENT OF BANYUMAS REGENCY. Thalassemia is a health condition that still needs treatment and serious attention for the Indonesian government. As part of the thalassemia belt, Indonesia must act immediately to prevent the addition of thalassemia patients in the future. One of the mass educations that can be done is by self-awareness movement among school students. Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) became a potential youth organization as the educator agent. Intense training and debriefing on them can be a superior program for prevention among school students. Students, in this case, the Red Cross Youth who are at the junior and senior high school level are potential cadres to spread the right information about thalassemia to their peers.

Although ethics is an essential part of medical education, little attention has been paid to ethics education during the clerkship phase, where medical students observe how physicians make decisions regarding various ethical problems. Specific nuances and cultural contexts such as working in a rural setting can determine ethical issues raised. This phenomenology study aimed to explore ethical issues experienced by Indonesian students during clinical clerkship in a rural setting. In-depth interviews were used to explore students’ experiences. Participants were ten students, selected on gender and clerkship year variations. Data saturation was reached after eight interviews, followed by two additional interviews. Thematic analysis was used in this study, and trustworthiness was ensured through data and investigator triangulation, member checking, and audit trail. Three main themes found in this study were limited facilities and resources, healthcare financing and consent issues, as well as unprofessional behavior of healthcare providers. Many ethical issues related to substandard care were associated to limited resources and complexities within the healthcare system in the rural setting. Early exposure to recurrent ethical problems in healthcare can help students prepare for their future career as a physician in a rural setting.

Thalassemia ranks top on the list of diseases caused by the monogenic mechanism, especially in hematology disorders. Currentlly, Thalassemia ranks 5th in the national health insurance coverage. Prevention is the only effective way to control the clinical, psychological and financial burden of the country. One aspect of prevention is the discovery and genetic counseling process of persons who carry the mutan gene or carier of thalassemia. Midwives as the most peripheral health workers in the national health system are very important in their role in the discovery and counseling of these people. Provision of sufficient knowledge and skills of midwives can be a reliable tool in efforts to prevent thalassemia in the community.

Previous literature has discussed the different views, the diverse goals and scope of ethics education, and the need for a more homogenous curriculum in medical ethics. Since ethics is about values, and values are partly influenced by culture, we question to what extent teachers’ perceptions concerning learning goals of medical ethics curricula are similar or different in two different countries, and if differences in learning goals are acceptable or problematic. We conducted in-depth interviews with 36 medical ethics teachers, 20 from Indonesia and 16 from the Netherlands, and explored what they think are the important learning goals. We found three similar goals, with slightly different perceptions, between the two groups: (1) being professional, (2) dealing with ethical problems, and (3) being part of society. We also found four other goals that differed between the two countries: (4) understanding one-self and (5) learning from others from the Netherlands; (6) being faithful/pious and (7) obeying rules/standards from Indonesia. We suggest that despite similar goals shared globally, there might be differences in how teachers in different cultural contexts perceive the goals with their local values and translate them into the curricula. Differences in learning goals are common and natural, often reflected by historical and sociocultural contexts, and should not become a barrier for teachers in different regions to collaborate. Understanding these differences may be an important goal for teachers themselves to broaden their knowledge and perspectives.