The steppe areas of El Bayadh are characterized by a great diversity of medicinal plants (South-West Algeria). This work aims to determine the traditional uses of medicinal plants in the Wilaya (Province) of El Bayadh and evaluate their sensibility. The ethnobotanical surveys carried out using 400 questionnaire sheets made it possible to inventory 40 medicinal species belonging to 23 botanical families the most important family is that of the Lamiaceae and the Fabaceae. The leaves are the most used part of the plant, and the majority of treated illnesses are those of the respiratory system (the flu). The result of the index invented to indicate the state of the sensibility of the plants is important to develop a conservation strategy for these medicinal plants in the context of sustainable development.