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Several species of hyperparasitoids belonging to the subfamilies Charipinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and Pteromalinae (Hymenoptera Pteromalidae) have been identified in the region of Mostaganem (north-western Algeria). Among these species, two of them show a regular presence during the years of study, Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouche, 1834) (Pteromalidae), and Phaenoglyphus villosa (Hartig, 1841) (Figitidae). These two species have been proved to be effective in adapting very quickly to the environment.

Background: The species of the Bunium kinds are aromatic plants with medicinal properties. especially the earth nut. which the fruits are used as aroma.and the leaves and roots consumed as vegetables (Taufel et al. 1993). The present study was conducted in order to valorize its roots by studying the physicochemical and rheological properties of its flour. Methods: The study focuses on tuber nuts from different regions Khenchela. Mostaganem. Relizane.and Tissemsilet (Algeria).and the earth nut roots harvested the months of February (Y-1 2018 and Y 2019). Those latter were initially reduced into smaller particles. followed by milling into flour using a laboratory mill and sieving through a 250-300 ì aperture screen. The flour samples were packed in resealable polyethylene bags. Mix flour is prepared from wheat flour containing varying proportions of BN flour (1. 2. 5. 10. 15. 20. and 50%). Result: The results made it possible to conclude that this gluten-free flour (BF) contains about 7% of proteins; lipid and ash contents are 3.34% and 3.96% respectively. On the sensory level. the color parameters (L *, a *, b *) conclude that there is a significant region effect and the harvest period on the color of the flour. The results reveal that all earth-nut flour (EN) differ significantly (P£0.05) in all the chemical properties investigated. The presence of BF improves P when going from 5 to 50% substitution. improves fat rates. However. it has a negative influence on the W energy. the swelling and the P/L ratio of the dough. This study would suggest that earth-nut flour could be suitably incorporated in wheat flour up to 5%, but at higher doses with gluten-free flours. Mean levels of the metals in samples ranged from 62.91 to 80.08 mg/kg with those of Cu and 0.01 mg/kg with those of Pb, Hg.

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Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera Aphididae) is the most significant aphid pest of peach trees. Chemical control of this species is a quick and simple method to prevent the development of this pest, however, the massive use of these chemicals poses potential health and environmental risks. This study proposes an alternative biological control approach based on the use of parasitoids to reduce aphidian populations. The study, which we undertook over the course of three years, allowed us to observe almost the same species of parasitoid (Hymenoptera Braconidae) on the vegetable crops taken into exam in the study. However, some species were considered to be absent in the region. Others appeared only during the second and last year of study as