Advancements in information and communication technologies (ICTs) have the potential to create substantial transformation in society by fostering the ability to connect and collaborate with diverse social actors. Driven by their interests, values, and needs, individuals use and shape the capabilities provided by technology (Castells, 2005) to find solutions for community challenges and social problems (Johnston & Hansen, 2011). This drive to use technology for the common good has risen in the last few decades as the social problems we face have become even more complex, what some called -wicked‖ (O'Toole, 1997). Johnston and Hansen (2011) argue that to augment the enormous collective capabilities of individuals to organize, interact, and govern in order to overcome complex social challenges, they need a smart government infrastructure, which is both more responsive and more efficient than our current government paradigms.Scholars have argued that the key factors for creating a smart government that can handle complexity and uncertainty are coordination, continued engagement, access to open data, and
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