Chilaiditi's syndrome is a benign condition which rarely requires surgery. Its clinical importance lies in adequate differential diagnostic approach and timely management of potentially serious complications.

Background/Aim. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in a surgical population significantly increases morbidity and mortality, prolongs hospitalization and increases total treatment costs. In the present study, we aimed to determine incidence, in-hospital mortality and risk factors (RFs) of HAP in patients with intra-abdominal surgical procedures hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Belgrade (Serbia). Methods. Through regular hospital surveillance of patients who underwent intra-abdominal surgical procedures, we prospectively identified postoperative HAP during five years. In the matched case-control study, every surgical patient with HAP was compared with four control patients without HAP. In the group of patients with HAP, those who died were compared with those who survived. Results. Overall 1.4% of all intra-abdominal surgical patients developed HAP in the postoperative period. The incidence of HAP (per 1,000 operative procedures) was greatest in patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy (102.6), followed by small bowel surgery (36.6), and gastric surgery (22.7). Multivariate logistic regression analysis (MLRA) identified three independent risk factors (RF) associated with HAP: multiple transfusion [p = 0.011; odds ratio (OR): 4.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.59-11.33], length of hospital stay (p = 0.024; OR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.00-1.03) and hospitalization in the Intensive care unit (ICU) (p = 0.043; OR: 2.83; 95%CI: 1.03-7.71). MLRA identified only surgical site infection as an independent RF associated with the poor outcome of HAP (p = 0.017; OR: 5.929; CI95%: 1.37-25.67). Conclusion. The results of the present study are valuable in documenting the relations between RFs and HAP in patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgical procedures.

Background: Previous data about myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with Covid-19 are sporadic and insufficient to make any conclusion how they affect each other. Therefore, we present our experience with a group of MG patients who were infected with Covid-19.Cases presentation: We present clinical outcome in 13 patients with generalized autoimmune MG and COVID-19. Patients were divided into two groups depending on severity of clinical condition: more severe- those who required hospitalization and group treated at home with milder condition. Almost equal number of patients were in the group of hospitalized (7 patients) and treated at home (6 patients). Only men were in more severe group, while milder group consisted of both sexes equally. Exacerbation of myasthenic weakness developed only in hospitalized patients, among three lethal outcomes. Clinical remission of MG noted in 2 of 3 patients treated with tocilizumab. Clinical course of the disease commented in both groups.Conclusion: more severe clinical conditions and egzarcerbations of MG observed in middle aged male patients predominantly, among 3 of them died.