Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis is a rare and serious fungal infection caused by fungi of the Mucorales order, most commonly by the species Rhizopus oryzae. It occurs generally in an immunocompromised host, and the contamination of healthy subjects remains exceptional. The clinical presentation is not specific. The diagnosis of rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis is difficult based on a range of clinical, microbiological, and radiological arguments. Imaging studies may include CT/MRI of the orbit, brain, and sinuses and show signs of aggressiveness, intracranial complications, and evolution under treatment. The standard treatment is antifungal therapy and necrosectomy. We report a case of a 30-year-old patient admitted to intensive care for the management of postpartum hemorrhage complicating severe preeclampsia who presented with rhinocerebral mucormycosis with left orbital extension. Adequate therapeutic management in the intensive care unit was provided; however, the patient died within seven days of septic shock with multiorgan failure. The mortality is determined by the correction of risk factors, the timing of initiation of the antifungal therapy, and surgical debridement.

Cresol is a phenol derivative used as a disinfectant that may cause gastrointestinal corrosive injury, central nervous system, cardiovascular disturbances, renal, and hepatic injury following intoxication. We present a case of a female patient who was admitted to the emergency department after ingesting an unknown amount of cresol; she was admitted with tachypnea, shortness of breath with low oxygen level in the blood. She did not develop hepatic or renal dysfunction. The gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and showed esophagus and gastric erosins only. The patient was sedated and ventilated for 7 days. After receiving supportive intensive care, the patient recovered and was sent for psychiatric evaluation. Cresol intoxication can be fatal, and cause a respiratory failure with an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), hepatic, and renal injury. This shows the importance of intensive care in the management of cresol poisoning.

Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) is the end stage of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD), which can occur in patients with large, unrepaired cardiac shunts (ventricular septal defects (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)). Pregnancy in Eisenmenger syndrome is uncommon and is poorly tolerated due to physiological changes that may lead to a risk of rapidly progressive cardiopulmonary decompensation, thrombotic complications, and sudden death. For these reasons, it is advisable, in this context, to avoid pregnancy or to undergo an early pregnancy termination within the tenth gestational week. The occurrence of severe preeclampsia in this situation leads to fatal maternal and fetal outcomes.We report the case of a 23-year-old female patient, gravida 1 nullipara at the thirty-fourth week of gestation, with a history of a persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in childhood that progressed to ES. She was admitted to the obstetric emergency for respiratory distress associated with signs of low cardiac output. CT pulmonary angiography and transthoracic echocardiography showed no pulmonary embolism, an enlarged pulmonary artery, dilated right cardiac chambers (ventricle and atrium) compressing the left ones, a right ventricular/left ventricular (RV/LV) ratio > 1, a persistent ductus arteriosus, and a calculated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPS) at 130 mmHg. She also had severe preeclampsia with evolutive HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count) syndrome and intrauterine fetal death indicating fetal delivery under general anesthesia after platelets transfusion. At the end of the surgery, the patient presented a sudden death following a cardiac arrest despite 45 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

We conducted a prospective observational, descriptive, and analytical study covering all patients under 16 years of age who were admitted to the operating room for scheduled or urgent surgery between July and August 2022. The purpose of this study was to identify the epidemiological characteristics of our population, describe the means of upper airway management in our practice, and analyze postoperative respiratory complications in pediatric anesthesia and their predictive factors. A total of 200 children were included in this study, with an average age of six years and an average weight of 21 kg. Of these, 53 (26.5%) underwent sedation with propofol 3 mg/kg and ketamine 1 mg/kg or a combination of a hypnotic (propofol or ketamine) and fentanyl at the dose of 2 gamma/kg. General anesthesia was used for 93 (46.5%) patients, while the remaining 54 (27%) were operated on under locoregional anesthesia associated with sedation. Depending on the type of surgery and anesthesia, the upper airway management protocol was chosen: 85 (42.5%) patients were operated on under an oxygen mask, 12 (6%) under a face mask, 10 (5%) under a laryngeal mask and 93 (46.5%) were intubated. Postoperative respiratory complications occurred in 28 patients (14%), with desaturation being the most common complication (10.5%). In multivariate statistical analysis, the factors found to be associated with the occurrence of postoperative respiratory complications were: weight less than 10 kg (p = 0.006, OR = 4.16 [1.54-11.22]) and unipulmonary ventilation (p = 0.008, OR = 14.77 [2.09-104.02]).