The article presents the main stages of the development of ideas about a fairly rare pathology in clinical practice the syndrome of compression of the ventral trunk. Until the mid-nineteenth century, reports of the clinical picture of chronic abdominal ischemia were more descriptive. Serial pathoanatomic studies, comparison of anatomical features revealed at autopsy with clinical manifestations accompanying these changes, contributed to the isolation of chronic ischemic disease of the digestive system in a separate nosological form. The discovery of angiography contributed to the significant development of vascular surgery and the isolation of the ventral trunk compression syndrome as an independent disease, since it allowed for a lifetime comparison of the detected changes in blood vessels with the clinical manifestations of the disease. The term ventral trunk compression syndrome was first introduced by P. Harjola when describing a case of abdominal pain in a patient with compression of the ventral trunk by the neuroganglionic tissue of the ventral plexus. Later, J. Dunbar confirmed the Association of clinical manifestations of chronic abdominal pain with compression of the ventral trunk by the median arched ligament of the diaphragm. In English-language literature, the disease was named Dunbar syndrome. The effectiveness of eliminating the symptoms of this disease by surgical dissection of compression structures has been proven. Further study of this problem developed in parallel with the development of surgery in General in accordance with the emergence and introduction of new surgical technologies. The purpose of numerous studies was to study the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of the occurrence of a variety of clinical manifestations of this syndrome and improve the results of its treatment by improving known surgical techniques and introducing new ones.

The article presents the main stages of formation of modern ideas about hiatal hernias as one of the most frequent variants of visceral anatomy’s impairment. The history of development of hiatal hearnias’ surgery is presented from the moment of its birth to the present time. According to modern ideas hiatal hernias are considered to be a chronic recurrent disease when abdominal part of esophagus, part of stomach or other internal is dislocated into a mediastenum and hernia ring is presented by esophageal hiatus. During the long time hiatal hernias were considered to be just the anatomical phenomenon. It’s known that Angello Soresi was the first American surgeon who performed an operation on hiatal hernia in 1919. A lot of original techniques of hiatal hernias’ surgery were devised in 1950. Operations developed by American surgeon – Ronald Belsey and European clinicians – Philip Allison and others became mostly widespread. During the next 10 years (1960-1970) techniques with obligatory antireflux component were offered. Most effective and popular operations which are used nowadays are ones that were developed by Rudolph Nissen, Andre Toupet, Lucius Hill and others. New stage of hiatal hernias` surgery started at 90’s of the XX century – the century of laparoscopic technologies’ wide application into clinical practice. Bernard Dallemagen performed such an operation for the first time in 1991. V.A. Kubyshkin, V.D. Fedorov and many others became the ideologists and pioneers of laparoscopic surgery of haital hernias in Russia. Application of new treatment methods and standardization of most surgical techniques permitted to increase efficiency and safety of hiatal hernias’ surgery.

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The celiac trunk compression syndrome and the gastroesophageal reflux disease are quite common pathological conditions in the population of economically developed countries. The frequency of combining and the semiotics these illness has not been studied. There are no approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, which developed on background of chronic ischemia of the abdominal cavity organs due to occlusion of the celiac trunk. Few papers devoted to this subject are limited to a small series of clinical observations without a detailed understanding of the problem and finding answers to these questions. The article presents an analysis of the clinical manifestations and results of instrumental diagnosis in 84 patients with a combination of the celiac trunk compression syndrome and the gastroesophageal reflux disease treated from 2011 to 2015 years. In this work the main symptoms characteristic of both diseases combination have been identified. A detailed description and characteristic of the basic methods of diagnostics are given. A practical algorithm for the detection of gastroesophageal reflux disease links with the celiac trunk compression syndrome is presented and justified in approach.