 Abstract: Research Objectives. The article analyses the world grain market to assess the competitiveness of grain crops produced in the Russian Federation, which makes it possible to substantiate the development directions of the Russian grain market export potential. Methods. The article uses the methods of systemic, structural and logical research, the analytical method, comparison, generalisation, economic and statistical method. Each of the methods was used based on its functionality. Results Achieved. The article defines the place of the Russian Federation grain market in the world circulation system of grain and its processed products, reveals the characteristic features of the international grain market, analyses the international grain market development factors, which makes it possible to identify trends in its development. The export potential of the Russian grain market is investigated, which allows offering a number of directions for its further development in the medium term. Practical relevance, applicability of results. The authors propose directions for the development of the grain market export potential, based on an in-depth analysis of the competitiveness of Russian grain industry products. The implementation of these proposals will allow the Russian Federation to strengthen the position of a large wheat producer in the world market.