Organic waste from agricultural production, bedding manure of cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, chickens and poultry litter when kept in cages are the main components for the production of organic fertilizers and biogas production. Waste of grain, cereal crops and sugar beets should be used as components for reducing moisture during aeration in piles, houses and bioreactors. Fresh organic waste should be stored on the sites in piles, where, before being processed in aeration houses and bioreactors, they must go through a mesophilic period. Fresh organic waste, when introduced into the soil in the first year, negatively affects the growth and development of plants, therefore, it must be disinfected and processed into organic fertilizers and biogas. Currently, the lack of knowledge about the methods of disinfection and processing of agricultural waste requires the development of new technological and technical solutions.

The present paper describes the results of the use of new technology of disinfection and processing of agricultural waste by carbon nanostructures modified sodium acetate. Improving the efficiency of processing of agricultural waste was obtained via sodium acetate in the presence of carbon nanotubes. In order to distribute the sodium acetate in the processed waste and subsequent processing of waste effectively special machines/devices were developed. The theoretical substantiation of the basic structural elements was presented for mechanical processing of agricultural waste devices. The experimental investigations showed a high efficiency of technology which led to a reduction of pathogens at the pre-processing of manure by 60%. The consumption of sodium acetate with carbon nanotubes was 50 liters per 1 ton of manure.

The paper presents data on the effect of electric current on the quantitative index of Mucor and Bacillus fungal colonies in bedding litter. It was found that with an increase in direct current to 3A, the quantitative index (%) of Mucor fungal colonies sharply decreases from 45 to 3 (by 42%), and the quantitative index (%) of Bacillus fungal colonies decreases from 70 to 50 (by 20%). Fresh litter has high acidity, and it cannot be used without preliminary processing and electrical decontamination in ground trenches and bioreactors.

Studies were carried out on the catalase and anthocyanins content in the cortex of one-year-old shoots of apple trees using different dosages of introducing an organic substrate at a dose of 10 t/ha; 25 t/ha; 40 t/ha in the fruit garden. Two varieties were used in the experiments: one of the summer term of ripening – Mechta, and one of winter ripening – Bogatyr, which were grafted onto rootstock 54-118. Studies have shown that the use of an organic substrate at a rate of 10 t/ha and 25 t/ha contributed to an increase in frost resistance in both of the studied varieties. Biochemical processes proceeded more smoothly with the addition of 25 t/ha in both of the studied varieties. Respiratory processes proceeded uniformly, as indicated by the activity of catalase; the accumulation and decrease of anthocyanins were observed according to the regularity of the dormancy period of plants. The dose of 40 t/ha contributed to the inhibition of the regular course of biochemical processes in apple trees, which caused reduction of frost resistance of the apple tree. Such plants are subsequently subject to decrease in frost resistance, and as a result – to yield decrease.

The article deals with decontamination during the processing of manure into organic fertilizer by an electric field of direct current. As a result of decontamination of the litter in this way, there is a significant destruction of fungal colonies. Microscopic analysis of the quantitative composition of fungal colonies was performed. The analysis showed that the fungal colonies of Mucor and Bacillus are reduced by 43 and 20 percent, respectively. It was revealed that the method of electric disinfection and processing of manure into organic fertilizer is low-cost, effective and environmentally safe.