Introduction. Hypertension is in the focus of pediatricians worldwide, as it is one of the most common diseases in modern pediatric cardiology. Methods. 61 school-age children were examined. They were divided into three groups: the 1st group included children with hypertension, the 2nd group – children with prehypertension, and the control group consisted of children with normal blood pressure. Infrared thermography in children was performed on the back surface of the hands, remotely, using a certified thermal imager with professional software. Thermographic evaluation of the hands after the cold test was performed immediately after the end of the test, after 1 and 2 minutes, and the final degree of recovery of heat radiation was determined after 15 minutes. The study found that in children with hypertension, the decrease in temperature after a cold test was probably higher than in children from the control group. Children with prehypertension also had a slightly greater decrease in temperature compared with children in the control group. The obtained significant difference between the indicators of children with hypertension and children from the control group may be due to worse compensatory mechanisms of the microcirculatory tract, lower capillary density, the presence of local spasm of venules and arterioles in them. In addition, children with hypertension have increased vascular resistance, which also affects the level of fall and recovery of local temperature, because thermal emission is a direct reflection of microcirculation in the fingers of the child. Conclusion. Children with hypertension are likely to have a greater decrease in the maximum temperature of thermal emission on the fingers and a slower recovery of heat radiation after a cold test, in contrast to children in the control group, due to microcirculation disorders.

Among the diseases of the lower part of respiratory system in children, acute bronchitis dominates, often with obstructive syndrome and ventilation disorders. To assess the severity of the obstructive syndrome spirometry is used, which is the "gold standard" for this purpose. It combines two groups of tests: spirography – graphical recording of changes in lung volumes during respiratory movements and pneumotachography – graphical recording of the air flow velocity during tidal and forced breathing. Among modern methods, non-invasive determination of blood oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry is becoming increasingly popular. The combined use of spirometry and pulse oximetry makes it possible to determine accurately the state and reserves of the cardiorespiratory system in a wide range of pathological changes. Objective. To learn the features of ventilation function and gas exchange in children with acute bronchitis. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the results of a survey of 59 children with acute bronchitis. Patients underwent a clinical examination, spirometry, pulse oximetry; breath-hold tests were performed. The results of spirometry and pulse oximetry were compared with the data of clinically healthy children (23 children). Results. In children, the severity of bronchitis was moderate according to the BSS-7.79 ± 0.19 points, 30 patients had symptoms of obstructive syndrome. Spirometry recorded a decrease in forced respiratory volumes, peak forced expiratory flow and inspiratory flow. Pulse oximetry showed a relatively lower level of oxygen saturation in patients, which worsened during breath-hold tests. The obtained results indicate impaired ventilation and gas exchange in children with bronchitis, even with a mild course of the disease, especially in the presence of obstructive phenomena. Compensatory mechanisms for maintaining blood saturation based mainly on an increase in systemic blood flow due to an increase in heart rate. Conclusions. In acute bronchitis in children, ventilation and gas exchange rates decrease, even in those patients with a mild course. Compensatory mechanisms for maintaining blood saturation are based mainly on increased systemic blood flow due to increased heart rate.