The purpose of the research is to study рistorical background of formation of basements of contemporary humanitarian policy of Ukraine. The subject of the study is the humanitarian policy of Ukraine at different times of the development of the country. Methodology. The following methods of scientific knowledge helped to achieve the objectives set in the Article: logical modeling, logical and semantic, historical and legal, comparative analysis, abstract and logical. Research results. The legal instruments, which determined the principles of policy in the humanitarian sphere of various state systems on the territory of modern Ukraine in historical retrospect are considered. Considerable attention is paid to problems and difficulties, as well as approaches to the periodization of the history of the state and law in Ukraine, the periods of policy implementation in the humanitarian sphere on the Ukrainian lands at different times. Practical implementation. The peculiarities of the historical aspects of the formation of Ukraine’s humanitarian policy, which are related to long stateless periods, when Ukraine was part of the state systems of various empires, are determined. Value/originality. It is proven that the Soviet period of totalitarianism could not destroy the progressive assets of the Ukrainian people in matters of State formation according to the Western model.

The study examines the transformation of scientific views and approaches to the problem of expediency and necessity of legal regulation of public relations, emerging from the evolution of the world system of public electronic resources in the transmission of information and Internet data from Web 1.0, Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. The stages of formation of the role and place of electronic jurisdiction in public relations are also investigated. Legal regulation of modern relations in virtual and augmented reality environments with the use of Web 3.0 technologies is not available today. At the same time, there are precedents for the application of certain provisions of analogue law to address legal uncertainties in the virtual environment, such as establishing ownership of virtual non-property assets, buying/selling of virtual non-property assets, liability for misappropriation of virtual non-property assets, etc. Obviously, the problem of legal regulation by the rules of analogue law in the virtual environment cannot be fully addressed. The solution to this problem is possible by creating a comprehensive e-jurisdiction and developing the Metaverse Grand Charter of Laws to regulate public relations in the meta-universe and to establish new branch of e-law. Given the urgency of the problem, the model of e-jurisdiction Grand Charter of Laws Metaverse is proposed. The model of complex electronic jurisdiction of Metaverse will allow to create basic conceptual apparatus, doctrinal and normative and legal concepts, to define objects and subjects of legal relations in Metaverse, to establish the basic forms of legal relations and mutual relations in Metaverse. This, in turn, will be the basis for reforming analogue legislation, partial interoperability in the digital environment and the development of new regulations in various areas of law and will stimulate the establishment of new e-jurisdiction. The study proposes the construction and basic elements of electronic jurisdiction, mechanisms for the separation of electronic offences and interaction with analogue jurisdictions. E-jurisdiction of the Metaverse Grand Charter of Laws will provide legal regulation of public relations both directly in Metaverse and in public relations related to the analogue and electronic world.

The application of modern technologies with artificial intelligence (AI) in all spheres of human life is growing exponentially alongside concern for its controllability. The lack of public, state, and international control over AI technologies creates large-scale risks of using such software and hardware that (un)intentionally harm humanity. The events of recent month and years, specifically regarding the Russian Federation’s war against its democratic neighbour Ukraine and other international conflicts of note, support the thesis that the uncontrolled use of AI, especially in the military sphere, may lead to deliberate disregard for the moral standards of controlled AI or the spontaneous emergence of aggressive autonomous AI. The development of legal regulation for the use of technologies with AI is prolonged concerning the rapid development of these artefacts, which simultaneously cover all areas of public relations. Therefore, control over the creation and use of AI should be carried out not only by purely technical regulation (e.g., technical standards and conformance assessments, corporate and developer regulations, requirements enforced through industry-wide ethical codes); but also by comprehensive legislation and intergovernmental oversight bodies that codify and enforce specific changes in the rights and duties of legal persons. This article shall present the “Morality Problem” and “Intentionality Problem” of AI, and reflect upon various lacunae that arise when implementing AI for military purposes.