No abstract

Biochar application has been considered as a promising solution to address the effects of modern agriculture on climate change. However, there is a lack of research on the biochar application of greenhouse gas emissions based on poor soils in Korean agricultural land. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of biochar application according to different soil characteristics on soil organic carbon (SOC) improvement and greenhouse gas reduction. The incubation experiments were conducted for 49 days and used different feedstock (barley straw and poultry manure) and biochar application rates (0, 5, 10, and 20-ton ha−1) in four soil characteristics (upland, U; greenhouse, G; converted land, C; reclaimed land, R). The results of this study showed that the SOC increased significantly in all soils after biochar application. The increasing SOC rate was the highest in poor soil. Biochar 20-ton ha−1 treatment significantly reduced N2O emissions by 33.2% compared with the control. Barley straw biochar significantly reduced N2O emissions from all soils. Barley straw biochar decreased approximately 74.5% of N2O emissions compared with poultry manure biochar. Poultry manure biochar improved SOC and reduced N2O emissions in poor soil. However, in poultry manure biochar treatment in U and G soil, N2O emissions increased. In conclusion, barley straw biochar application was found to suppress N2O emissions and improve the SOC in all soil characteristics of agricultural land. In addition, the soil carbon storage effect and N2O reduction effect of biochar were the highest in poor soil. Thus, the biochar application can be a potential agricultural practice for improving soil quality and decreasing N2O emissions in domestic agricultural soil.

Recently, biochar-related research using agricultural by-products has been actively conducted as part of a response to climate change. However, the effect research of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by the application of biochar by soil type in Korea is still insufficient. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the greenhouse gas reduction effect according to the application level of biochar by soil type. Closed chamber experiments were carried out for 42 days. The closed chamber experiment was performed by applying a different input amount biochar (0, 5, 10 and 20 ton ha -1 ) by four soil types (upland soil, greenhouse soil, converted soil, reclaimed soil). The cumulative carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission decreased by 21.1 -25.7% on average in greenhouse soil, converted soil, and reclaimed soil, but there was no significant difference. It was analyzed that the cumulative nitric oxide (N 2 O) emission decreased significantly by 43.7 -72.1% on average compared to the control group. All four soil types were analyzed to have low N 2 O emissions in the treatment chamber to which 20 ton ha -1 of biochar was applied. Long-term monitoring studies related biochar that can suppress nitrous oxide emissions and increase crop production are considered to needed for sustainable agriculture.

No abstract