Green tea and hibiscus are widely consumed as traditional beverages in Yemen and some regional countries. They are relatively cheap and the belief is that they improve health state and cure many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective and antibacterial activity of these two famous plants in vitro through measuring their antibacterial activity and in vivo through measuring nonenzymatic kidney markers dysfunction after induction of nephrotoxicity by gentamicin. Gram positive bacteria like MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) were isolated from hospitalized patients' different sources (pus and wound) and Gram negative bacteria including E. coli and P. aeruginosa were used in vitro study. In addition, the efficacy of these plants was assessed in vivo through measuring nonenzymatic kidney markers including S. creatinine and S. urea. Green tea was shown antimicrobial activity against MRSA with inhibition zone 19.67 ± 0.33 mm and MIC 1.25 ± 0.00 mg/mL compared with standard reference (vancomycin) 18.00 ± 0.00 mg/mL. Hibiscus did not exhibit a similar effect. Both Hibiscus- and green tea-treated groups had nephroprotective effects as they reduced the elevation in nonenzymatic kidney markers. We conclude that green tea has dual effects: antimicrobial and nephroprotective.

Background M. verticillata (Malvaceae) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of wounds, boils, and liver injuries. The plant leaf extracts possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of various cancers, but its clinical use is limited by acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. This study aims to evaluate the possible cardioprotective role of Malva verticillata against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Method Thirty-six male albino rats were divided into six groups, (n = 6): G1: normal control (was given 1 ml/kg of NaCl, 0.9%, twice a week IP), G2: cardiotoxic group (was given 1 mg/kg of DOX twice a week IP). G3 and G4 were given 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of M. verticillata, respectively, while G5 and G6: were given 250, 500 mg/kg of M. verticillata PO and 1 mg/kg IP of DOX. for 6 weeks. Total body weight was taken weekly and Heart: body weight ratio was calculated. Blood samples were collected for determination of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and Troponin, the hearts were removed and processed for histopathological examination. Results M. verticillata showed a significant dose-dependent reduction in the cardiac enzyme levels, LDH, CPK activities, and Troponin levels. The histopathological studies in rat hearts also supported those findings. Conclusion The present study suggests that M. verticillata may have a novel and worthwhile cardioprotective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

Background: The self-medication practice (SM) has increased worldwide for treating mild ailments without medical consultation and drug prescription. Health information background and proper SM may have positive outcomes. This study is focused on the SM practice among the undergraduate health science students either medicine or paramedical students in different education levels in Sana'a City. Methods: A prospective crosssectional questionnaire was structured and validated to conduct randomly a sample of health science undergraduate students from January to April 2019 in Sana'a City-Yemen. Chi-square test and logistic regressions were the analytical methods used in this study. A 468-health science students involved in this study for 4 months form from January 2019 to April 2019. Results: The prevalence of SM practice was 90% compared with non-selfmedicating respondents (10%) as outcomes of this work. Females (93%) showed significantly higher SM practice than males (87%). The mildness of the illness (90%) and prior experience (82%) were the two most frequently reported source of drug information for self-medication in this study. Cough, common cold (88%) and headache (88%) were the most likely symptoms reported as self-medicated illnesses in the present study. The most frequently consumed medications have been analgesics (87%), common cold preparations (82%) and antipyretics (78%). Self-medication practice was noticeable among health sciences undergraduate students in Sana'a city and this referred to the mildness of the illness and previous experience. There were statistically significant differences between respondents based on gender in the present study, but there were differences, neither according to specific fields nor to educational level.

Background:The optimal intake of nutrients is a new approach to deriving nutrient requirements. Omega-3 is one of these nutrients that has a crucial role in body health. It can modulate inflammation, hyperlipidemia, platelet aggregation, and hypertension. Objectives: This study was designed as a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acid in improving the level of Vitamin D and calcium among Childbearing age women that suffer from Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: 10 childbearing women with Vitamin D deficiency. They were selected randomly. The participants were allowed to take one capsule (1000mg) of omega 3 FA twice daily for 12 weeks. Results: Omega-3 FA showed significant beneficial effects on Vitamin D, calcium levels in Vitamin D deficit childbearing women. Additionally, it showed cardioprotective effects as it reduced bad lipids like cholesterol, LDL-c, risk factor and had worthwhile effects on blood coagulation. Conclusion: The outcomes of the present study suggest that omega-3 FA if taken regularly by childbearing women may improve their maternal outcomes and save their own lives and their babies. It may have a golden standard role in bone health through strength and activation of Vitamin D thus facilitates calcium absorption and increase bone mineral density. Additionally, it has cardioprotective and immune modulation effects.

Context: More than 80% of the population around the world believes with traditional medicine to overcome the side effects, resistance, and cost of synthetic medications. Herbal medicines take the upper hand in this manner as they safe, effective with low cost. Eucommia ulmoides (EU) belongs to Eucommiaceae family widely cultivated in China. It contains many active compounds and used traditionally and pharmacologically as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects due to antioxidant activities. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of EU leaves if consumed daily.