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Conflicts between humans and big cats have been known for centuries throughout the world, but have intensified in recent decades. Recently, attacks by Panthera onca on humans in Brazil have been brought to the forefront through exposure in the press and because of the severity of the attacks. We report 3 cases of patients attacked by jaguars in provoked and predatory situations. Two patients survived the attacks and one died. Attack mechanisms and lesions in victims are discussed. The attacks demonstrate a real risk of accidents from jaguars in certain regions, such as the Pantanal and the Amazon.

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Introduction:We present a review of injuries in humans caused by aquatic animals in Brazil using the Information System for Notifi able Diseases [Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notifi cação (SINAN)] database. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study was conducted from 2007 to 2013. Results: A total of 4,118 accidents were recorded. Of these accidents, 88.7% (3,651) were caused by venomous species, and 11.3% (467) were caused by poisonous, traumatic or unidentifi ed aquatic animals. Most of the events were injuries by stingrays (69%) and jellyfi sh (13.1%). The North region was responsible for the majority of reports (66.2%), with a signifi cant emphasis on accidents caused by freshwater stingrays (92.2% or 2,317 cases). In the South region, the region with the second highest number of records (15.7%), jellyfi sh caused the majority of accidents (83.7% or 452 cases). The Northeastern region, with 12.5% of the records, was notable because almost all accidents were caused by toadfi sh (95.6% or 174 cases). Conclusions: Although a comparison of different databases has not been performed, the data presented in this study, compared to local and regional surveys, raises the hypothesis of underreporting of accidents. As the SINAN is the offi cial system for the notifi cation of accidents by venomous animals in Brazil, it is imperative that its operation be reviewed and improved, given that effective measures to prevent accidents by venomous animals depend on a reliable database and the ability to accurately report the true conditions.