Due to the scientific and industrial interest, the Araripe Basin is a constant target of research. The northern border of the basin, due to its lower production of gypsum and limestone for civil construction, still lacks works on a larger scale of detail. In this context, this paper presents the results of a 1:25,000 scale geological mapping of a portion of the northern border of the Araripe Basin, in Northeastern Brazil, between the cities of Nova Olinda and Santana do Cariri, state of Ceará. Through the applied methodology, six lithostratigraphic units were, one of them belonging to the basin basement formed by gneissic rocks with high angle foliation trend NE-SW, suggesting influence of the Patos Lineament in its structure. Sedimentary units include the Mauriti Formation, consisting of ortho and para-conglomerates of intertwined fluvial depositional environment with unidirectional flow to the NE; The Crato Formation, composed of laminated limestones, marl, shales and sandstones, has root marks in lattice geometry, implying a depositional environment near the palaeo-lake border, with subaerial exposure; the Romualdo Formation, composed of sandstones and shales; the Exu Formation, composed of sandstones; and alluvial deposits consisting of clayey land. In general, the study area showed typical stratigraphic stacking sequences of the Araripe Basin. The presence of calcite-filled fractures and textures indicative of seismites in the Crato Formation suggest a possible tectonic influence on the depositional context of this set of lithotypes. Sudden changes in drainage direction suggest a possible neotectonic influence on the area. The activity was successful in characterizing the northern edge portion of the Araripe Basin, contributing to a better understanding of its depositional and post-depositional context and serving as a basis for further in-depth work in the region.
ResumoImagens orbitais da série Landsat têm sido sistematicamente empregadas no mapeamento de cobertura e uso da terra. Porém, algumas áreas, devido às características de relevo ou a forte influência antrópica, impõem dificuldades nesta caracterização. O maciço de Uruburetama, no estado do Ceará, representa uma área com tais particularidades. Na tentativa de gerar melhores resultados na identificação e delimitação das diferentes classes de cobertura e uso da terra no maciço, este trabalho compara imagens dos sensores orbitais OLI/ Landsat-8 e MSI/Sentinel-2, a fim de definir qual produto pode ser melhor empregado em estudos desta finalidade. A metodologia partiu da obtenção de imagens orbitais da área, passando por etapas de pré-processamento, geração de NDVI, segmentação por crescimento de regiões, classificação supervisionada, validação da classificação e produção dos mapas temáticos. Os produtos NDVI apresentaram correlação positiva muito forte, evidenciando compatibilidade espectral entre os sensores. Na etapa de segmentação, percebeu-se a influência da melhor resolução espacial do sensor MSI com a criação de quase oito vezes mais polígonos e uma área média correspondente a 12,5% a medida do sensor OLI. A classificação supervisionada utilizando o algoritmo Bhattacharya possibilitou mapear os dois produtos em sete classes temáticas de cobertura e uso da terra do maciço de Uruburetama: Mata Úmida; Mata Seca; Caatinga Arbustiva Densa; Caatinga Arbustiva Aberta; Urbano/Solo Exposto; Corpos D'água e Cultivos. A validação das classificações atestou a melhor acurácia do produto MSI/Sentinel-2 por meio dos índices Kappa e exatidão global. Os resultados demonstram que a imagem MSI/Sentinel-2, devido a sua melhor resolução espacial, permite um maior detalhamento dos alvos, e maior acurácia na classificação, o que possibilita a sua aplicação em estudos com maiores escalas de análise. Por sua vez, a imagem OLI/Landsat-8, demonstrou ser mais adequada a estudos com menores níveis AbstractOrbital images of the Landsat series have been systematically employed in the mapping of land cover and use. However, some areas, due to the relief characteristics or the strong antropic influence, impose difficulties in this characterization. The Uruburetama massif, in the state of Ceará, represents an area with such peculiarities. This work compares images of the OLI / Landsat-8 and MSI / Sentinel-2 orbital sensors in order to determine which product can best be used studies. The methodology was based on obtaining orbital images of the area, including pre-processing stages, NDVI generation, segmentation by region growth, supervised classification, classification validation and production of thematic maps. The NDVI products had very strong positive correlation, evidencing spectral compatibility among the sensors. In the segmentation stage, we noticed the influence of the best spatial resolution of the MSI sensor with the creation of almost eight times more polygons and a mean area corresponding to 12.5% the measurement of the OLI sensor. ...
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