Background: International resuscitation guidelines emphasize the importance of high quality chest compressions, including correct chest compression depth and rate and complete chest recoil. The aim of the study was to assess the role of the TrueCPR device in the process of teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation in nursing students. Methods: A prospective randomized experimental study was performed among 94 first year students of nursing. On the next day, the participants were divided into 2 groups—the control group practiced chest compressions without the use of any device for half an hour, and the experimental group practiced with the use of TrueCPR. Further measurement of chest compressions was performed after a month. Results: The chest compression rate achieved the value of 113 versus 126 ( P < .001), adequate chest compression rate (%) was 86 versus 68 ( P < .001), full chest release (%) 92 versus 69 ( P = .001), and correct hand placement (%) 99 versus 99 ( P , not significant) in TrueCPR and standard BLS groups, respectively. As for the assessment of the confidence of chest compression quality, 1 month after the training, the evaluation in the experimental group was statistically significantly higher (91 vs 71; P < .001) than in the control group. Conclusions: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training with the use of the TrueCPR device is associated with better resuscitation skills 1 month after the training. The participants using TrueCPR during the training achieved a better chest compression rate and depth with in international recommendations and better full chest release percentage and self-assessed confidence of chest compression quality comparing with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.

With different videolaryngoscopes for pediatric patients available, UEScope can be used in all age groups. The aim of this study was to compare the Miller laryngoscope and UEScope in pediatric intubation by paramedics in different scenarios. Overall, 93 paramedics with no experience in pediatric intubation or videolaryngoscopy performed endotracheal intubation in scenarios: (A) normal airway without chest compressions, (B) difficult airway without chest compressions, (C) normal airway with uninterrupted chest compressions, (D) difficult airway with uninterrupted chest compressions. Scenario A. Total intubation success with both laryngoscopes: 100%. First-attempt success: 100% for UEScope, 96.8% for Miller. Median intubation time for UEScope: 13 s [IQR, 12.5–17], statistically significantly lower than for Miller: 14 s [IQR, 12–19.5] ( p = 0.044). Scenario B. Total efficacy: 81.7% for Miller, 100% for UEScope ( p = 0.012). First-attempt success: 48.4% for Miller, 87.1% for UEScope ( p = 0.001). Median intubation time: 27 s [IQR, 21–33] with Miller, 15 s [IQR, 14–21] with UEScope ( p = 0.001). Scenario C. Total efficiency: 91.4% with Miller, 100% with UEScope ( p = 0.018); first-attempt success: 67.7 vs. 90.3% ( p = 0.003), respectively. Intubation time: 21 s [IQR, 18–28] for Miller, 15 s [IQR, 12–19.5] for UEScope. Scenario D. Total efficiency: 65.6% with Miller, 98.9% with UEScope ( p < 0.001); first-attempt success: 29.1 vs. 72% ( p = 0.001), respectively. Intubation time: 38 s [IQR, 23–46] for Miller, 21 s [IQR, 17–25.5] for UEScope. Conclusion : In pediatric normal airway without chest compressions, UEScope is comparable with Miller. In difficult pediatric airways without chest compressions, UEScope offers better first-attempt success, shorted median intubation time, and improved glottic visualization. With uninterrupted chest compressions in normal or difficult airway, UEScope provides a higher first-attempt success, a shorter median intubation time, and a better glottic visualization than Miller laryngoscope. What is Known: • Endotracheal intubation is the gold standard for adult and children airway management. • More than two direct laryngoscopy attempts in children with difficult airways are associated with a high failure rate and increased incidence of severe complications. What is New: • In difficult pediatric airways with or without chest compressions, UEScope in inexperienced providers in simulated settings provides better first-attempt efficiency, median intubation time, and glottic visualization.

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inTroducTion: Head injuries in children pose a serious challenge both in terms of the management and diagnostics. Due to technological progress and thus the development of motorization, despite the decreasing overall injury rate, the incidence of high-energy injuries increases. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of intervention of emergency medical teams to paediatric patients due to head injuries. MeThods: The study was a retrospective study. The material consisted of medical interventions of medical rescue teams from the regions of Piaseczno and Pruszków from the period 11.2016-10.2017. 422 medical emergency records were analyzed. resulTs: Median age of study group was 7.7 years (IQR; 3-12)-females 7.6 years (IQR; 2-13) and males 7.9 years (IQR; 4-12). The injuries occurred most frequently in March (n = 43; 11.8%), and least frequently in February (n = 22; 5.2%). The above relation occurred regardless of gender. Injuries occur most frequently in spring (n = 132; 31.3%), and least frequently in summer (n=88; 20.8%; Tab. 1). In the afternoon an increase in the incidence of injuries was observed. Differences in the incidence of injuries in the group of males and females depending on the time of day were not significantly statistical (p = 0.206). Superficial head injury was the most common injury (n = 122; 28.9%) followed by open head wounds in both males and females. conclusions: The most frequent head injuries were superficial head injuries followed by open head injuries. Injuries occurred more often on weekdays, less frequently at weekends. In the afternoon an increase in the incidence of injuries was observed. Injuries occur most frequently in spring and least frequently in summer on a monthly basis they occurred most frequently in March, and least frequently in February regardless of gender.