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This paper evaluates the Pugh Controlled Convergence method and its relationship to recent developments in design theory. Computer executable models are proposed simulating a team of people involved in iterated cycles of evaluation, ideation, and investigation. The models suggest that: (1) convergence of the set of design concepts is facilitated by the selection of a strong datum concept; (2) iterated use of an evaluation matrix can facilitate convergence of expert opinion, especially if used to plan investigations conducted between matrix runs; and (3) ideation stimulated by the Pugh matrices can provide large benefits both by improving the set of alternatives and by facilitating convergence. As a basis of comparison, alternatives to Pugh's methods were assessed such as using a single summary criterion or using a Borda count. These models suggest that Pugh's method, under a substantial range of assumptions, results in better design outcomes than those from these alternative procedures.

Technologies are a critical issue within product development, since technologies are the foundation for successful products. Technology development has suffered from a fuzzy innovation process based on trial and error in a high-pressure product development environment, often leaving no time for real innovation. Technologies developed under these circumstances seldom become superior, robust, mature and flexible-the criteria that are critical for technologies to provide competitive advantage. In this paper the idea is developed of a steady technology stream that is both separated from and appropriately integrated with the downstream product development. This enables companies to supply their product development programs with winning technologies at the right time. A four-phase process framework to support and catalyze the technology development cycle is introduced and described. The proposed framework is based on an integration of six major development methodologies and aims at providing competitive advantage to companies by emphasizing superior, robust, mature, and flexible technologies.

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