A large area and highly stable perovskite solar module (10 cm × 10 cm, active area ∼70 cm2) is demonstrated using low cost processing methods and materials.

Co-produced: using [Co(en)(3)](2+/3+) based-electrolytes in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs) gives record energy conversion efficiencies of 1.3 % and open-circuit voltages up to 709 mV under simulated sun light. The increase in photovoltage is due to the more negative redox potential of [Co(en)(3)](2+/3+) compared to established mediators.

have been reported for n-type DSCs and further improvements should be feasible by pairing an n-type DSC with a p-type DSC to form a double junction tandem device. [ 4 ] A proof of concept experiment has demonstrated that this can be achieved by simply assembling a photocathode with a photoanode in a sandwich device sharing the same electrolyte. [ 5 ] Current matching of the photocathode to the photoanode was found to be essential for higher tandem DSC effi ciencies. These results have sparked further interest in p-DSC research, continuously improving the effi ciency of the best performing p-type DSC to currently 1.3%. [ 6 ] There is no intrinsic reason as to why a p-type DSC cannot be as effi cient as its n-type counterpart; however, the comparatively small choice of materials with suitable properties is an issue and much optimization will be necessary to reduce the effi ciency gap between the two devices. While reasonable photocurrents and photovoltages can be achieved, low fi ll factors (FFs) of ≈0.4 are generally limiting the device performance. [ 6 ] The FF is defi ned as the ratio of the electrical power output at the maximum power point ( P MP ) to the product of the short-circuit current ( I SC ) and the open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) and is often described as a measure of the "rectangularity" of the current voltage characteristic (JV curve) (see Equation ( 1) The peak light-harvesting effi ciency decreases from 63% at short circuit to 57% at 600 mV reducing the FF of NiO DSCs by 5%. This effect is expected to be more pronounced for future devices with higher operating voltages. Incident, photon-to-electron conversion effi ciency front-back analysis at applied bias is utilized to characterize the interfacial charge recombination. It is found that the recombination between the injected hole and the redox mediator has a surprisingly small effect on the FF.

Highly crystalline NiO nanoparticles synthesized through a facile thermolysis route were used as photocathode materials in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells resulting in open-circuit voltages exceeding 300 mV with an iodide/triiodide mediator.

Co‐Produktion: p‐Typ‐Farbstoff‐ solarzellen (p‐DSCs) mit Elektrolyten auf [Co(en)3]2+/3+‐Basis ergeben einen Wirkungsgrad der Energieumwandlung von 1.3 % und Leerlaufspannungen bis 709 mV bei der Bestrahlung mit simuliertem Sonnenlicht. Die erhöhte Photospannung folgt aus dem höheren negativen Redoxpotential von [Co(en)3]2+/3+ im Vergleich zu üblichen Mediatoren.