The formation of Mn–O–Ti and a high dispersal of Mn2O3 promoted oxygen activation and NH3 adsorption. The formation of N2O depends on temperature.

The primary aim of the current study was to assess the effects of oropharingeal muscle exercises in obstruction severity on stroke patients with OSAS. The secondary aims were to evaluate the effects of the exercises on rehabilitation of neurological function, sleeping, and morphology change of upper airway. An open-label, single-blind, parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial was designed. Fifty post-stroke patients with moderate OSAS were randomly assigned into 2 groups (25 in each group). For the therapy group, oropharyngeal muscle exercise was performed during the daytime for 20 min, twice a day, for 6 weeks. The control group was subjected to sham therapy of deep breathing. Primary outcomes were the obstruction severity by polysomnography. Secondary outcomes included recovery of motor and neurocognitive function, personal activities of daily living assessment (ADL), sleep quality and sleepiness scale. It also included upper airway magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. Assessments were made at baseline and after 6-week exercise. Finally, 49 patients completed the study. The apnea–hypopnea index, snore index, arousal index, and minimum oxygen saturation improved after exercise (P < 0.05). Oropharyngeal muscle exercises improved subjective measurements of sleep quality (P = 0.017), daily sleepiness (P = 0.005), and performance (both P < 0.05) except for neurocognition (P = 0.741). The changes in obstruction improvement, sleep characteristics and performance scale were also associated with training time, as detected by Pearson's correlation analysis. The anatomic structural remodeling of the pharyngeal airway was measured using MRI, including the lager retropalatal distance (P = 0.018) and shorter length of soft palate (P = 0.044) compared with the baseline. Hence, oropharyngeal muscle exercise is a promising alternative treatment strategy for stroke patients with moderate OSAS.Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn. Unique identifier: ChiCTR-IPR-16009970

Copper sulfide/sulfur composite, containing highly dispersed CuS, Cu 2 S and sulfur, is obtained via a facile one-step reaction of copper chloride and sodium thiosulfate. Based on the total mass of composite, a high initial capacity of 782.4 mAh g −1 with high coulombic efficiency of 97.4% is obtained, and after 50 cycles, the discharge capacity can still be retained at 580.2 mAh g −1 . The excellent electrochemical performance can be attributed to the tri-functional copper sulfide in the composite, which is electroactive to offer additional energy storage, high conductive to enhance the sulfur utilization and have strong chemical interactions with polysulfides to prohibit the shuttle effect.

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