Abstract-The streptomycete strain SCY114 was isolated from a soil sample of Xuchang in Henan province, China. It possessed smooth grey spores borne in rectiflexible and spiral chains and was capable of using all of the International Streptomyces Project sugars. The melting temperature and G+C content were 81.8℃ and 61.6 mol%, respectively. The level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain SCY114 and S. scabies ATCC49173 was 99.8%. However, the values of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SCY114 and S. scabies ATCC49173 was 65.2%, and the strain SCY114 did not exhibit pathogenicity towards potato plants. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain SCY114 was identified as a subspecies of the Streptomyces scabiei, for which the name Streptomyces scabiei subsp. xuchangensis is proposed. Strain SCY114 strongly inhibited the in vitro mycelial growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici as well as various other plant pathogenic fungi. The filtered culture broth of strain SCY114 was substantially more effective at controlling wheat take-all compared to the silthiofam, and the disease was reduced by 78.2%. An antifungal antibiotic was isolated from the fermentation broth of strain SCY114 using a series of chromatographic procedures. The molecular formula of the antibiotic was determined to be C28H26N4O3, and on the basis of the NMR data, the antibiotic was confirmed to be staurosporine.