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We have fabricated a B5C, boron-carbide/Si(111) heterojunction diode by the synchrotron radiation-induced decomposition of orthocarborane. This diode can be compared with similar boron-carbide/Si(111) heterojunction diodes fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The synchrotron radiation induced chemical vapor deposition is postulated to occur via the decomposition of weakly chemisorbed species and the results suggest that ‘‘real-time’’ projection lithography (selective area deposition) of boron-carbide devices is possible.

The hybrid composite electrode comprising CuO and Cu 2 O micronanoparticles in a highly graphitized porous C matrix (CuO/Cu 2 O-GPC) has a rational design and is a favorable approach to increasing the rate capability and reversible capacity of metal oxide negative materials for Li-and Na-ion batteries. CuO/Cu 2 O-GPC is synthesized through a Cu-based metal−organic framework via a one-step thermal transformation process. The electrochemical performances of the CuO/Cu 2 O-GPC negative electrode in Li-and Na-ion batteries are systematically studied and exhibit excellent capacities of 887.3 mAh g −1 at 60 mA g −1 after 200 cycles in a Li-ion battery and 302.9 mAh g −1 at 50 mA g −1 after 200 cycles in a Na-ion battery. The high electrochemical stability was obtained via the rational strategy, mainly owing to the synergy effect of the CuO and Cu 2 O micronanoparticles and highly graphitized porous C formed by catalytic graphitization of Cu nanoparticles. Owing to the simple one-step thermal transformation process and resulting high electrochemical performance, CuO/Cu 2 O-GPC is one of the prospective negative active materials for rechargeable Li-and Na-ion batteries.

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The surface of a spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode was modified with a nano-LiNbO3 coating layer by employing a Nb citrate-coated Ni0.25Mn0.75(OH)2 precursor and subsequent single calcination with LiOH at 900 °C.