* At the time of this consultation, these definitions are not included in the current ICS terminology. RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE 2. EVALUATION The following phrases are used to classify diagnostic tests and studies: • A highly recommended test is a test that should be done on every patient. This section should also be read in conjunction with the relevant committee reports. RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE 6. ANORECTAL PHYSIOLOGY TESTING Endocoil MRI has high accuracy for detecting anal sphincter injury but is second line after endoanal ultrasound. Patients with faecal incontinence may benefit from assessment with MRI, particularly those with anorectal malformations and/or previous anal sphincter surgery. Defaecography may be useful and is recommended in patients with faecal incontinence, who have failed conservative therapies, and are possible candidates for laparoscopic ventral rectopexy. * Consider CONTINENCE PRODUCTS for temporary support during treatment Recent VVF Primary simple Consider Catheter, evaluate weekly Established VVF Primary complex Healed Persistant leakage Recurrence Post-irradiation Vaginal repair Consider timing Surgical repair Consider timing Consider interposition material If small, consider catheter, evaluate weekly Surgical repair 6-12 months Consider interposition material Surgical repair Consider timing Consider interposition material Assess fistula closure & assess continence status MANAGEMENT OF IATROGENIC URETERIC FISTULAE HISTORY CLINICAL ASSESSMENT MANAGEMENT* PRESUMED DIAGNOSIS Extra-urethral vaginal urinary leakage and/or signs of ureteric obstruction Clinical examination Urethro-cystoscopy Imaging (Xray/CT/ MRI, US) Evaluate upper urinary tract obstruction * Consider CONTINENCE PRODUCTS for temporary support during treatment Ureterovaginal fistula Endoluminal technique (stenting, nephrostomy) for at least 6 weeks Unable to stent (initially)... Re-evaluate for fistula closure, ureteric obstruction Persisting fistula or ureteric obstruction Ureteric reimplantation (open, laparoscopic or robotic) Healed Long-term follow-up for stricture and hydropephrosis * Consider CONTINENCE PRODUCTS for temporary support during treatment Patient education, adequate fibre diet and fluid intake; regular bowel care, preferably ± 3 times a week

No abstract

The psychometric evaluation of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale showed that this fecal incontinence-specific quality of life measure produces both reliable and valid measurement.

Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is an inflammation of the skin that occurs when urine or stool comes into contact with perineal or perigenital skin. Little research has focused on IAD, resulting in significant gaps in our understanding of its epidemiology, natural history, etiology, and pathophysiology. A growing number of studies have examined clinical and economic outcomes associated with prevention strategies, but less research exists concerning the efficacy of various treatments. In the clinical and research settings, IAD is often combined with skin damage caused by pressure and shear or related factors, sometimes leading to confusion among clinicians concerning its etiology and diagnosis. This article reviews existing literature related to IAD, outlines strategies for assessing, preventing, and treating IAD, and provides suggestions for additional research needed to enhance our understanding and management of this common but under-reported and understudied skin disorder.