ABSTRACT. Submerged cultivation of medicinal basidiomycetes is a reproducible and efficient method of producing mycelia and metabolites. The antioxidant activity indicates its medicinal properties and is an important tool for basidiomycete screening. In this study, we analyzed the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides and the antioxidant activity of basidiomycete strains in submerged cultivation. Twenty-five strains were used for submerged cultivation in extract malt medium, and the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides was evaluated. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. Among the 25 evaluated strains, Lentinus crinitus produced the highest biomass, reaching 1190 ± 52 mg·L -1 day -1 ; Agaricus subrufescens strains had the highest exopolysaccharide production from 18.96 ± 0.15 to 20.97 ± 2.10 mg L -1 ·day -1 . Additionally, A. subrufescens showed the highest total antioxidant activity, reinforcing the therapeutic potential of this basidiomycete. No significant correlation was found between mycelial biomass or exopolysaccharide production and antioxidant activity; S.H. Umeo et al. 9908©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (3): 9907-9914 (2015) however, the results depended on each species and the strains of the same species. We found large variations in the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides and in antioxidant activity among different species and among strains of the same species. Thus, evaluating the total antioxidant activity is an important tool for identifying strains with biotechnological potential.

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The aim of this study was evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the extracts of the leaves of 31 vegetable species collected at the vicinity of the town of Tamshiyacu, in the department of Loreto, Peru. The percentage of inhibition of free radicals of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was calculated. From the concentration of the best species with high activity, which were three, it was realized the analysis of total concentration of phenolic compounds and alkaloids was analyzed by UV/Vis spectrophotometry. Besides the metanolics extracts were submitted to fractionation in chromatographic column and the fractions with similar molecules, grouped by thin layer chromatography. The final fractions were analyzed by a Gas Chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry (CG-MS), to identify the molecules present in them and causing this activity. According to the results, the species that showed the best activity at concentrations lower than 5.0 mg/ml were Virola sebifera, Caryocar glabrum and Tapirira guianensis. The concentration of total phenolic compounds was 18580.9, 15180.7 and 11568.7 mg/100g for V. sebifra, C. glabrum and T. guiannensis, and total alkaloids were 36.6, 0.0 and 74.0 mg/100g for these same species. The main secondary metabolites are 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and normolatedol and caryophyllene, in V. sebifera, diisooctyl dicarboxylate.1,2-benzene and 3, 5-bis (1,1-dimetyl etill-phenol in C. glabrum and diisoctylphthalate, α-panasinseno, and vitamin E in T. guianensis.

This short text is structured in two parts. The first one defines a significant part of my artistic practice as finding a way to represent thought, to transmit the action of thinking, this being done by means of short notes, diagrams, drawings, and sketches in a notebook. The second part defends an idea of art as accessible and necessary for everyone, pedagogical not in the sense that it “should” transmit knowledge but in the sense that it constructs a society where learning is pleasure.

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