Land administration systems are of great importance for a large number of stakeholders. One of the key problems related to land administration systems is the problem of the correctness of their state, meaning that data stored in land administration systems are not in concordance with the actual legal, spatial and topographic situation. The main causes of land administration systems' incorrect state are data collection and compilation, data processing, and data misuse. In this paper, we discuss the problems of data tampering, the long time needed for registering land administration system's transactions, and the possibility of double spending, which all can add incorrectness in a land administration system. Our research is based on the hypothesis that these problems may be addressed by means of distributed ledger technology, or to be more precise, by means of blockchain technology. The solution is presented in a form of a smart contract written in Solidity programing language that can cover even those more specific use cases in land administration systems such as sharing of ownership, transferring part of ownership, splitting or merging of real estate, and limiting the possibility of trading a real estate. The proposed smart contract represents an implementation of a programming interface that was created based on both ERC-20 and ERC-721 token standards, to satisfy the specific needs of land administration systems.INDEX TERMS Blockchain, Ethereum, land administration, real estate, smart contract.
This paper presents the application of ontologies in the field of real estate cadastre. Ontologies can be seen as a form of metadata that provide a higher level of interoperability and integration within the Spatial Data Infrastructure, not only on the syntax level but on the semantic level as well. The application of ontologies in this domain is based on domain ontology for cadastre developed on top of the Land Administration Domain Model defined in ISO 19152 standard. The use of ontologies is shown on the several examples including data integration of the Serbian national cadastre and the INSPIRE cadastral parcels, and integration of OGC based geospatial services and other Web services in cadastral systems. The introduction of semantics in the cadastral systems provide many opportunities in terms of cadastral data and services integration on national and international level, and also in connecting with many other organizations that are users of such systems. These opportunities are reflected in the fact that terms are given well-defined explicit meaning and when based on formal ontology automatic reasoning can be used to infer the new knowledge. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/CSIS151230002E">10.2298/CSIS151230002E</a><u></b></font>
This study investigated the crucial factors for measuring the success of the information system used in the e-learning process, considering the transformations in the work environment. This study was motivated by the changes caused by COVID-19 witnessed after the shift to fully online learning environments supported by e-learning systems, i.e., learning emphasized with information systems. Empirical research was conducted on a sample comprising teaching staff from two European universities: the University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences in Serbia and the Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco in Portugal. By synthesizing knowledge from review of the prior literature, supported by the findings of this study, the authors propose an Extended Information System Success Measurement Model—EISSMM. EISSMM underlines the importance of workforce agility, which includes the factors of proactivity, adaptability, and resistance to change, in the information system performance measurement model. The results of our research provide more extensive evidence and findings for scholars and practitioners that could support measuring information system success primarily in e-learning and other various contextual settings, highlighting the importance of people’s responses to work environment changes.
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